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ืฉืœื•ืึพืขืœื™ื›ืžืก โ€žื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพื’ืขืœื˜โ€Ÿ

December 7, 2017, 8:55 am
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ื“ื™ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ืึท ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ืึทืจื›ื™ื•ื• ืคึฟื•ืŸ โ€žืจืขื“ื ื“ื™ืงืข ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจโ€Ÿ ืื•ื™ืคึฟืŸ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืฉืžื•ืืœ ืจืึธื”ืจ, ืึท ืคึผืจืึธื™ืขืงื˜ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื โ€žื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืŸ ื‘ื™ื›ืขืจึพืฆืขื ื˜ืขืจโ€Ÿ. ืขืก ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืจืŸ ื“ื•ื“ ืจืึธื’ืึธื•ื• ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ื˜ืึท ืงืึทืจื™ืŸ

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ื.

ื˜ืจืขืคึฟื˜, ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืกืขืจ ื™ื•ืึพื˜ื•ื‘ึฟ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื™ืžื™ืึพื˜ื•ื‘ึฟื™ื?

ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”.

ืึทื›ื˜ ื˜ืขื’ ื›ึผืกื“ืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื—ื“ืจ, ืขืกืŸ ืœืึทื˜ืงืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ืฉืžืึทืœืฅ, ืฉืคึผื™ืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ื“ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ื–ืฒึทื˜ืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพื’ืขืœื˜ โ€” ื ื•, ื‘ืึทื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ื ืึธืš ืึท ื‘ืขืกืขืจืŸ ื™ื•ืึพื˜ื•ื‘ึฟ?

ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ. ื“ืจื•ื™ืกืŸ ืื™ื– ืงืึทืœื˜, ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืจืึธืกื˜ ื‘ืจืขื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืกื›ึผื ื•ืช. ื“ื™ ืคึฟืขื ืฆื˜ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจืงืึธื•ื•ืขื˜, ื‘ืึทื“ืขืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืฉื ื™ื™, ืฆืขืžืึธืœื˜ ืื•ื™ืคึฟืŸ ืฉืขื ืกื˜ืŸ ืึธืจื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืึทืจืขื โ€” ืžื—ื™ื”ึพื ืคึฟืฉื•ืช. ื“ืึธืก ื–ื™ืœื‘ืขืจื ืข ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพืœืขืžืคึผืœ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื•ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื ืึธืš ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื‘ืฒึทื˜ืึธื’. ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘, ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื˜ ืึทืจื•ื ื˜ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึทื•ื•ื ื˜ ืžืขืจื™ื‘ึฟ. ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฉื˜ืึทื ืขืŸ ืฉืžื•ื ื”ึพืขืฉื‚ืจื”, ื ืขืžื˜ ืขืจ ืึทืจื•ื™ืก ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ืฉืงืขืกื˜ืœ ืึท ื•ื•ืขืงืกืŸ ืœื™ื›ื˜ืœ (ื“ืขืจ ืฉืžืฉื‚), ื–ืึธื’ื˜ โ€žืขืœื™ื ื•โ€Ÿ ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืฆื• ืื•ื ื“ื–, ืฆื• ืžื™ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืžืฒึทืŸ ื™ื™ึดื ื’ืขืจืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ, ืžืึธื˜ืœ, ืื•ื™ืฃ ืœืฉื•ืŸึพืงื“ื•ืฉ:

โ€” ืื™ึพืึธ! ืฉื”ื•ื ื ื•ื˜ื” ืฉืžื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืกื“ ื”ืึธืจืฅ โ€ฆ ืื™ึพื ื•ึพืึธ!

ืื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืžืฒึทืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธื˜ืœ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืขืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืจ ืžื™ื™ื ื˜. ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืคึฟืจืขื’ืŸ ืื™ื:

โ€” ื•ื•ืึธืก? ืึท ืฉื•ื•ืขื‘ืขืœืข?

ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ื‘ืึทื•ื•ืฒึทื–ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึทื ื˜ ืึทื”ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืงื™ืš ืึทืจืฒึทืŸ.

โ€” ืื™ึพืึธึพืึธ! ื•ืขืœ ื›ึผืŸ ื ืงื•ื•ื” ืœืš โ€ฆ ืื™ึพืึธึพื ื•!

โ€” ื•ื•ืึธืก? ืึท ืงืึธืœืึธื“ืึทื˜ืฉึพืžืขืกืขืจ? ืึท ืฉืขืจืœ? ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื™ื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ืฉื˜ื•ื™ืกืœ?

โ€” ืžื˜ึพืื™ึพืื™ึพืึธึพื ื•ึพืคึฟืข! ืึทืžื™! ืึทืžื™! ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ื™ื™ ืื—ื“ ื•ืฉืžื• ืื—ื“ โ€ฆ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข! ืจื•ืคึฟื˜ ืึทืจืฒึทืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข, ืœืึธื– ื–ื™ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืขืจืŸ ื‘ืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพืœื™ื›ื˜ืœืขืš.

ืื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืžืฒึทืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธื˜ืœ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืœื•ื™ืคึฟืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข, ืื™ื™ื ืก ืื™ื‘ืขืจืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืŸ.

โ€” ืžืึทืžืข! ื’ื™ื›ืขืจ, ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพืœื™ื›ื˜ืœืขืš.

โ€” ืื•ื™, ืžื›ึผื” ืื™ื– ืžื™ืจ, ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพืœื™ื›ื˜ืœืขืš! โ€” ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืจืคึฟื˜ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ืึทืœืข ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืงื™ืš (ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืงื•ื™ืœืขื˜ ื’ืขื ื“ื–, ืžืข ืคึผืจืขื’ืœื˜ ืฉืžืึทืœืฅ, ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืจืขืฉื˜ืฉื™ื ืขื˜ ืœืึทื˜ืงืขืก) ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืœื•ื™ืคึฟืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืึทืจืฒึทืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืื™ืจ โ€” ื‘ืจืฒึทื ืข ื“ื™ ืงืขื›ื™ืŸ, ืึท ืฉื•ื•ืึทืจืฆืข ื™ื™ึดื“ืขื ืข ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธื ืฆืขืก, ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึฟืขื˜ ืคึผื ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืชึผืžื™ื“ ืคึฟืขื˜ืข ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฉืžื™ืจื˜ืข ื”ืขื ื˜. ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื–ืฒึทื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ืึท ืคึฟืจื•ื ืคึผื ื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืฒึทื ืข ื“ื™ ืงืขื›ื™ืŸ ื‘ืœืฒึทื‘ื˜ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืฒึท ื“ืขืจ ื˜ื™ืจ, ื•ื•ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื˜ ืื™ื ืขื ืงื•ื™ื˜ื™ืงืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจื˜ืขืš, ื˜ื•ื˜ ืึท ืฉืžื™ืจ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ื”ืึทื ื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธื– ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืŸ ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ื˜ึพืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึท ืฉื•ื•ืึทืจืฆืข ืฆื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฆืŸ ืคึผื ื™ื. ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืงืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืืฒึทื–ืŸ, ืื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืžืฒึทืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธื˜ืœ, ืึทื– ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืืฒึทืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื™ืกืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืœืขื›ื˜ืขืจ.

ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขืฆื•ื ื“ืขื ืขื ืฉืžืฉื‚ ืฆื•ื ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพืœืขืžืคึผืœ, ื‘ื™ื™ื’ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ืŸ ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ: โ€žื‘ืจื•ืš ืึทืชึผื”!โ€Ÿ ืื•ืŸ ืœืึธื–ื˜ ืื•ื™ืก: โ€žืœื”ื“ืœื™ืง ื ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ื ื•ื›ึผื”!โ€Ÿ

ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ืขื ื˜ืคึฟืขืจื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื™ืจืืชึพืฉืžื™ื โ€žื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื•ื‘ึฟืจื•ืš ืฉืžื•, ืึธืžืŸโ€Ÿ, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืจืฒึทื ืข ืฉืึธืงืœื˜ ืฆื• ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ืฉืขืชึพืžืขืฉื‚ื” ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ืคึผื™ืกืงืขืก, ืึทื– ืื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืžืฒึทืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธื˜ืœ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืžื•ืจื ืึท ืงื•ืง ื˜ื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืื•ื™ืคึฟืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืŸ.

โ€žื”ื ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืฉืึธื ื• ืžื“ืœื™ืงื™ืŸโ€Ÿโ€ฆ โ€” ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธื– ืื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผืึทืฆื™ืจื˜ ืึทืจื•ื ื”ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืื™ื‘ืขืจืŸ ื–ืึทืœ, ืงื•ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืคึฟืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพืœืขืžืคึผืœ, ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืขืจื˜ ื’ืึธืจื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ื–ืึธื’ืŸ. ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ืึธืœื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ, ืขืก ื–ืึธืœ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืขืง, ืขืจ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืงืขืฉืขื ืข, ืฆื•ื ื‘ืฒึทื˜ืขืœืข. ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ื ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจ, ืฉื˜ื•ืคึผืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืก ื“ืึธืก ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข:

โ€” ืžืึธื˜ืœ, ื’ื™ื™ ืฆื•, ื–ืึธื’ ืื™ื ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพื’ืขืœื˜.

โ€” ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืคึผืขืก ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพื’ืขืœื˜?

โ€” ืึทื–ื•ื™, ื•ื•ืึธืจืขื ื“ื• ื‘ื™ืกื˜ ืงืœืขื ืขืจ, ื‘ืึทื“ืึทืจืคึฟืกื˜ื• ื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพื’ืขืœื˜.

โ€” ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจืงืขืจื˜, ื“ื• ื‘ื™ืกื˜ ืขืœื˜ืขืจ, ื‘ืึทื“ืึทืจืคึฟืกื˜ืŸ ื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพื’ืขืœื˜.

ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ื”ืขืจื˜ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ื’ื•ื˜, ืึทื– ืžื™ืจ ืจืขื“ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพื’ืขืœื˜, ื ืึธืจ ืขืจ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ื•ื•ื™ ืขืจ ื”ืขืจื˜ ื ื™ื˜. ืฉื˜ื™ืœ, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื›ืึทืคึผื˜, ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืขืจ ืฆื• ืฆื•ื ื˜ื™ืฉืงืขืกื˜ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืฆื™ื™ืœื˜ ื’ืขืœื˜. ืขืก ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึท ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ ืคึฟืจืขืกื˜ืœ ืื™ื‘ืขืจืŸ ืœืฒึทื‘, ืขืก ืฆื™ื˜ืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื˜, ืขืก ืงืœืึทืคึผื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึทืจืฅ. ืžื™ืจ ืงื•ืงืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืกื˜ืขืœื™ืข, ืงืจืึทืฆืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืื”, ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื›ึผืœื•ืžืจืฉื˜ ืงืึทืœื˜ื‘ืœื•ื˜ื™ืง, ื’ืœืฒึทืš ื•ื•ื™ ื ื™ื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืžืขืŸ. ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ื˜ื•ื˜ ืึท ื”ื•ืกื˜..

โ€” ื”ื โ€ฆ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืงื•ืžื˜ ื ืึธืจ ืึทื”ืขืจ.

โ€” ื”ืึท? ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื–?

โ€” ื ืึทื˜ ืืฒึทืš ื”ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพื’ืขืœื˜.

ื‘ืึทืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื”ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพื’ืขืœื˜, ืœืึธื–ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื–ื™ืš ื’ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืžืฒึทืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธื˜ืœ, ืคึฟืจื™ึดืขืจ ืคึผืึทื•ื•ืึธืœื™ืข, ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืกื˜ืึทื˜ื™ืงืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื โ€” ื’ื™ื›ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื›ืขืจ, ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืฉืคึผืจื•ื ื’ึพืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื˜ืขื ืฆืœ. ืื•ืŸ ื‘ื™ื– ืžื™ืจ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ื—ื“ืจืœ ืึทืจืฒึทืŸ ืงืึธื ืขืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืืฒึทื ื”ืึทืœื˜ืŸ, ืงื•ืœื™ืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืจืฒึท ืžืึธืœ ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ืงืึธืคึผ ืึทืจืึธืคึผ, ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคึฟื™ืก ืึทืจื•ื™ืฃ, ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืืฒืŸ ืคึฟื•ืก ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ:

ืขื ื’ืข, ื‘ืขื ื’ืข,
ืกื˜ื•ืคึผืข ืฆืขื ื’ืข,
ืึทืจืฆืข, ื‘ืึทืจืฆืข,
ื’ืึธืœืข ืฉื•ื•ืึทืจืฆืข,
ืื™ื™ืžืขืœืข, ืจื™ื™ืžืขืœืข,
ื‘ื™ื™ื’ืขืœืข, ืคึฟื™ื™ื’ืขืœืข โ€”
ื”ืึธืคึผ!

ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืฉื‚ืžื—ื” ืื•ืŸ ื”ืชืคึผืขืœื•ืช ื’ื™ื‘ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืคึผืขื˜ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืงืŸ.

ืขืก ืขืคึฟื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ืจ ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืึทืจืฒึทืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™.

โ€” ื—ื‘ึฟืจื” ืคึผืœืขืฆืœ, ืืฒึทืš ืงื•ืžื˜ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพื’ืขืœื˜!

ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืึทืจืฒึทืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ืฉื™ืœืขื˜ึพืงืขืฉืขื ืข, ื ืขืžื˜ ืึทืจื•ื™ืก ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืœื‘ืขืจื ืข ื’ื™ืœื“ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื– ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพื’ืขืœื˜.

ื‘.

ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืจื™ื“ืขืจ. ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข โ€” ืึท ื”ื•ื™ื›ืขืจ, ืึท ื“ืึทืจืขืจ; ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ โ€” ืึท ืงื•ืจืฆืขืจ, ืึท ื’ืจืึธื‘ืขืจ; ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข โ€” ืึท ืฉื•ื•ืึทืจืฆืขืจ, ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ โ€” ืึท ื’ืขืœืขืจ; ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข โ€” ืึท ืžืจื”ึพืฉื—ื•ืจื”ื“ื™ืงืขืจ, ืึท ืฉื•ื•ืฒึทื’ืขืจ, ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ โ€” ืึท ืคึฟืจื™ื™ืœืขื›ืขืจ, ืึท ืจืขื“ื ืขืจ. ื˜ืึธื’ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืึทื›ื˜, ื–ื•ืžืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืจ โ€” ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืš ืืฒื’ืขื ืข ื‘ืจื™ื“ืขืจ.

ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ื ืขืžื˜ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืŸ ื‘ื•ื™ื’ืŸ ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืจ ืฆืขื•ื•ื™ืจืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืงืขืกื˜ืขืœืขืš, ืฉื•ื•ืึทืจืฆืข ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืฒึทืกืข โ€” ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืึทืจืฒึทื ื˜ืจืึธื’ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืงื™ืš ืคึฟืึทืกืึธืœื™ืขืก, ืฉื•ื•ืึทืจืฆืข ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืฒึทืกืข, ื“ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืึท ื“ืึธืžื™ื ืึธ.

ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืงื™ืš, ืคึผืจืขื’ืœื˜ ืฉืžืึทืœืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึทืงื˜ ืœืึทื˜ืงืขืก. ืื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืžืฒึทืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธื˜ืœ ืฉืคึผื™ืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ื“ืœ: ื ืก ื’ื“ื•ืœ ื”ื™ื” ืฉื, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ืŸ ื–ืขืฆืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ืฉืคึผื™ืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืžื™ื ืึธ. โ€” ืื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืึทืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื“ื™ืš ื‘ืขื˜ืŸ, ื‘ืขื ื™, โ€” ื‘ืœื ื—ืจื˜ื” ื•ื‘ืœื ื“ืจืขื”, ื“ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜: ืึท ื’ืึทื ื’ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืึท ื’ืึทื ื’! โ€” ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข.

โ€” ืึท ื’ืึทื ื’ ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืึทื ื’. โ€” ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืึทื ื’.

โ€” ืึท ื’ืึทื ื’ ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืึทื ื’. โ€” ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ืฉืœืึธื’ื˜ ืึธืคึผ ื“ืขื ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ืก ืึท ืฆื™ื’ืœ.

โ€” ืึท ื’ืึทื ื’ ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืึทื ื’. โ€” ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืœืึธื’ื˜ ืึธืคึผ ื“ืขื ื˜ืึทื˜ื ืก ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืฆื™ื’ืขืœืขืš.

ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืฒึทื˜ืขืจึพื•ื•ืฒึทื˜ืขืจ ืœืึธื–ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจืฒึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืฉืคึผื™ืœ ืึทืœืฅ ื˜ื™ืคึฟืขืจ, ืงืฒึทืขืŸ ื‘ืฉืขืชึพืžืขืฉื‚ื” ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืจื“, ื˜ืจื™ื™ืกืœืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคึฟื™ืก ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืŸ ื˜ื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ืœืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื“ืœ.

โ€” ืื•ื™ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ืžืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ืžืขืŸ! โ€” ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืžืจื ืื•ืŸ ืงืฒึทื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืขืง ื‘ืึธืจื“. โ€” ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื”ืขืจ? โ€” ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืขืจ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื”ื™ืŸ. ื•ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื”ื™ืŸ? โ€” ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืขืจ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื”ืขืจ. ื‘ืึทื“ืึทืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ื’ืึทื ื’!

โ€” ืึทื–ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ื’ืึทื ื’, ืึทื–ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ื’ืึทื ื’! โ€” ื”ืขืœืคึฟื˜ ืื™ื ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ื–ืขืœื‘ืŸ ื ื•ืกื—.

โ€” ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืฉืข ื‘ืึทื“ืึทืจืฃ ืื™ืš ืžื•ืจื ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ? โ€” ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ื•ื•ืฒึทื˜ืขืจ. ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืฉืœืึธื’ื˜ ืขืจ ืžื™ืจ ืึธืคึผ ื™ืขื ืขื ืฆื™ื’ืœ? ื•ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื‘ืฒึท ืื™ื ืฆื•ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืฆื™ื’ืœืขืš. ืืฒึท, ื•ื•ืึธืก? ื˜ืึธืžืขืจ ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ ืขืจ ืžื™ืจ ืฉืœืึธื’ืŸ ื“ืจืฒึท ืฆื™ื’ืœืขืš?

โ€” ื“ืจืฒึท ืฆื™ื’ืœืขืš, ื“ืจืฒึท ืฆื™ื’ืœืขืš, ื“ืจืฒึท ืฆื™ื’ืœืขืšโ€ฆ โ€” ื”ืขืœืคึฟื˜ ืื™ื ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ื–ืขืœื‘ืŸ ื ื•ืกื—.

โ€” ืื•ื™, ื‘ื™ืกื˜ื• ืึท ื˜ื™ืคึผืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ! โ€” ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืึทื ื’.

โ€” ื‘ื™ืกื˜ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืึท ื˜ื™ืคึผืฉ, ืžืฒึทืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืึท ื’ืจืขืกืขืจืขืจ! โ€” ื–ื™ื’ื ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืึทื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจื›ืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืึทืœื“ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง.

โ€” ืคึฟืข, ื‘ืขื ื™, ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ืึธืš ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜, ืึท ื’ืึทื ื’ ืื™ื– ืึท ื’ืึทื ื’! โ€” ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืึธืŸ ืึท ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื›ืึทืคึผื˜ ื“ืขื ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึทื ื˜.

โ€” ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืžืฉืœ! โ€” ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™. โ€” ื›ึผืœึพื–ืžืŸ ืื™ืš ื”ืึทืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ืึท ื’ืึทื ื’ ืžืขื’ ืื™ืš ืžื™ืจ ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื•ึผื”ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœ.

โ€” ื ื™ื™ืŸ! โ€” ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข. โ€” ืึท ื’ืึทื ื’ ืื™ื– ืคึฟืึทืจืคึฟืึทืœืŸ! ืžื™ืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืขืคึผืขืก ื’ืขืฉืžื•ืขืกื˜, ื‘ืขื ื™, ื‘ืœื ื—ืจื˜ื”, ื‘ืขื ื™, ื‘ืœื ื“ืจืขื”!

โ€” ื—ืจื˜ื”? โ€” ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขื ื™. โ€” ื•ื•ื™ืคึฟืœ ืžืึธืœ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืึทื– ื“ื• ื”ืึธืกื˜ ื—ืจื˜ื”?

โ€” ืื™ืš? โ€” ื–ืึธื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข. โ€” ืข, ื‘ืขื ื™, ื“ืขืจืคึฟืึทืจ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื“ืึธืš ืคึฟืฒึทื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ืจ ืฆื• ืฉืคึผื™ืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืึธืžื™ื ืึธ!

โ€” ื•ื•ืขืจ ื–ืฉืข ื ื•ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ืš, ื–ืึธืœืกื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืฉืคึผื™ืœืŸ?

โ€” ืฉื•ื™ืŸ? ืžืข ืงืจื™ื’ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืึท ืคึฟืึทืกืึธืœืงืขืœืข? โ€” ืจื•ืคึฟื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืงื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึฟืึทืจืคึฟืœืึทืžื˜ ืคึผื ื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืื™ืจ โ€” ื‘ืจืฒึทื ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืŸ ืคึผืึทืœื•ืžืขืกื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ ื”ื™ื™ืกืข ืœืึทื˜ืงืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ืฉืžืึทืœืฅ. ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืึทื˜ืงืขืก ื–ืขืฆื˜ ืึท ืคึผืึทืจืข. ืึทืœืข ืœืึธื–ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื ื˜ื™ืฉ. ืื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ืžืฒึทืŸ ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธื˜ืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืคึฟืจื™ึดืขืจ ืึทื‘ื™ืกืœ ื’ืขืงืจื™ื’ื˜, ื’ืขืจื™ืกืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืงืขืฅ, ื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืฉืœื•ื ืื•ืŸ ื–ืขืฆืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืœืึทื˜ืงืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื›ึผื•ื•ื ื”.

ื’.

ื‘ืฒึทื ืึทื›ื˜ ืื•ื™ืคึฟืŸ ื’ืขืœืขื’ืขืจ ืœื™ื’ ืื™ืš ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜: ื•ื•ื™ืคึฟืœ ืงืึธืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ, ื‘ืฒึท ืžื™ืจ ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืคึฟืงืœืฒึทื‘ืŸ, ืึทื– ืึทืœืข ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ืžื•ืžืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ืงืจื•ื‘ึฟื™ื ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพื’ืขืœื˜? ืจืืฉื™ืช ื—ื›ืžื”, ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ืžืฉื”ึพืึทื”ืจืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ืžืึทืžืขืก ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ, ืึทืคึฟื™ืœื• ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืึท ืงืึทืจื’ืขืจ, ื ืึธืจ ืึท ื ื’ื™ื“. ื ืึธื›ื“ืขื ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืฆื™ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื•ืžืข ื“ื‘ึฟื•ืจื”, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืึทื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืึทืžืข ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื‘ืจื•ื’ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื›ึผืžื” ื•ื›ึผืžื” ื™ืึธืจืŸ. ื”ืฒึทื ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื™ื™ื ื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื•ืžืข ื™ืขื ื˜ืข? ื”ืฒึทื ื˜ ื•ื•ื•ึผ ืื™ื– ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื“ืœ? ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืจ ืžืึทืŸ ืฉืœื•ืึพื–ื™ื™ื“ืœ? ืื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืื™ื‘ืขืจื™ืงืข ืงืจื•ื‘ึฟื™ื?

โ€” ืžืึธื˜ืœ, ื“ื• ืฉืœืึธืคึฟืกื˜?

โ€” ื™ืึธ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืŸ?

โ€” ื•ื•ื™ืคึฟืœ ืžื™ื™ื ืกื˜ื• ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื– ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจ ืžืฉื”ึพืึทื”ืจืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพื’ืขืœื˜?

โ€” ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึทื ืขืŸ ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ? ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืŸ ืึท ื ื‘ึฟื™ื?

ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ืึทืจื•ื:

โ€” ืžืึธื˜ืœ, ื“ื• ืฉืœืึธืคึฟืกื˜?

โ€” ื™ืึธ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืŸ?

โ€” ื•ื•ื™ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ื“ื• ืฉืœืึธืคึฟืกื˜, ื”ืฒึทื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืจืขื“ืกื˜ื• ืžื™ื˜ ืžื™ืจ?

โ€” ื“ื• ืคึฟืจืขื’ืกื˜ ื“ืึธืš ืžื™ืš, ืžื•ื– ืื™ืš ื“ื™ืจ ืขื ื˜ืคึฟืขืจืŸ.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืจืฒึท ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ ืึทืจื•ื:

โ€” ืžืึธื˜ืœ, ื“ื• ืฉืœืึธืคึฟืกื˜?

โ€”ื˜ืกืกืก โ€” ื˜ืจืจืจ โ€” ื›ื™ืœื›ื™ืœื›ื™ืœ โ€” ื˜ืกืกืกโ€ฆ

ืžืึธื˜ืœ ื›ืจืึธืคึผืขื˜, ื›ืึธืจื›ืœื˜, ืคึฟืฒึทืคึฟื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื ืึธื–, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืš ื–ืขืฅ ืžื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืžืฒึทืŸ ื‘ืขื˜ืœ, ื ืขื ืึทืจื•ื™ืก ืžืฒึทืŸ ืงืขืจื‘ืœ, ื’ืœืขื˜ ื“ืึธืก, ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ื“ืึธืก.

โ€žื“ืึทื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ื•ื•ืึธืก?โ€Ÿ โ€” ื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืื™ืš ืžื™ืจ. โ€” ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืงืœ ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืงืึธืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืคึฟืึทืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืงื•ื™ืคึฟืŸ? ืฆืึทืฆืงืขืก, ืžืขืกืขืจืœืขืš, ืฉื˜ืขืงืขืœืขืš, ื‘ืฒึทื˜ืขืœืขืš, ื ื™ืก ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธื ืคึฟืขืงื˜ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ืจืึธื–ืฉื™ื ืงืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืึธืงืกืขืจืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ื™ื˜?โ€Ÿ

ืื™ืš ื‘ืึทื”ืึทืœื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืงืขืจื‘ืœ ืฆื•ืงืึธืคึผื ืก ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืŸ ืงื™ืฉืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ื™ืขืŸ ืึธืคึผ ืงืจื™ืึทืชึพืฉืžืข. ืกืณืงื•ืžื˜ ืึทืจืฒึทืŸ ื‘ืจืฒึทื ืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืงื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึฟื•ืœืŸ ืคึผืึทืœื•ืžืขืกื™ืง ืžื™ื˜ ืงืขืจื‘ืœืขืš โ€ฆ ื‘ืจืฒึทื ืข ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ื ื™ื˜, ื ืึธืจ ื–ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขื‘ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืœื•ืคึฟื˜ืŸ, ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ โ€žื”ื ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื• ืฉืึธื ื• ืžื“ืœื™ืงื™ืŸโ€Ÿ, ืื•ืŸ ืžืึธื˜ืœ ืฉืœื™ื ื’ื˜ ืงืขืจื‘ืœืขืš, ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื”ืึทืœืขืฉืงืขืก. โ€žืžืึธื˜ืœ! โ€” ืฉืจืฒึท ืื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืœืข ื›ึผื•ื—ื•ืช. โ€” ื’ืึธื˜ ืื™ื– ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ืจ, ืžืึธื˜ืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื˜ื•ืกื˜ื•? ืงืขืจื‘ืœืขืš? โ€ฆ

ืื™ืš ื›ืึทืคึผ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผืฒึท ืื•ื™ืก ื“ืจืฒึท ืžืึธืœ: โ€žื˜ืคึฟื•ึพื˜ืคึฟื•ึพื˜ืคึฟื• โ€” ืึท ื—ืœื•ื!โ€Ÿ

ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจ ืึทื ื˜ืฉืœืึธืคึฟืŸ.

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16 ืื•ืคึฟื ื™ื ื•ื•ื™ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืคึผืจืึทื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ื™ื•ืึพื˜ื•ื‘ึฟ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”

December 11, 2017, 10:06 am
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ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืฆื• ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืืžืชืณืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ื ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืฉื™ื™ื“ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื. ืขืก ืื™ื– ื“ืืš ื ืดื•ื•ืขืœื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ืด. ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืื ืฅ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืงื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื ื“ืขื ื˜ืขืคื™ืฆื™ืจืŸ ื“ืขืจืžื™ื˜. ืžืขืŸ ืžืขื’ ืืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ, ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืคืคื™ืจืŸ ืคื•ื ืงื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ื ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืื›ืŸ, ืžืขืŸ ื“ืืจืฃ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืฆื™ื ื“ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื›ื˜ืœืขืš, ื’ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื• ื ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืคืืจื˜ื™, ืฉืคื™ืœืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ื“ืœ, ืขืกืŸ ืœืื˜ืงืขืก ืื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ื˜ืข ืžื™ืœื›ื™ื’ืข ื’ืขื‘ืขืงืก, ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื—ื ื•ื›ื”! ื˜ื, ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืฉื™ื™ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ืดื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื‘ื™ื™ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ืืด ื•ื•ื™ ืขืจื’ืขืฅ ืื ื“ืขืจืฉ?

1.ืงื•ื“ื, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืฆื™ื ื“ืŸ ื ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืžื ื•ืจื”, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืื˜ืข. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืžืงื™ื™ื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืžื™ืฆื•ื” ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื™ื ื“ืŸ ืžื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ ืžืŸ ื”ืžื”ื“ืจื™ืŸ, โ€žื ืืš ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื’ื•ื˜โ€Ÿ. ื™ืขื“ืขืก ืงื™ื ื“, ืืคื™ืœื• ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจืœืขืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ ื™ืืจ, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฆื™ื ื“ืŸ ืืŸ ืขืงืกื˜ืขืจืข ืžื ื•ืจื”.

2.ื“ืขืจ ื—ืกื™ื“ ื–ืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืื›ืŸ ื˜ืื’, ืขืคืขืก ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื ื’ืขื”ืขืจื™ื’ืข ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื˜ืืจ ืขืจ ื“ืืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืื›ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืืจื‘ืขื˜, ืืคื™ืœื• ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืœืขืคืืŸ ื˜ืืจ ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื ืจื™ืจืŸ, ื—ื•ืฅ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” [ืื•ืŸ ืคื•ืจื™ื], ื“ืืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ืื™ื ืื– ืขืจ ืงืขืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื“ืจื™ื™ืขืŸ ืืžืืœ ื ื•ื•ืื›ืขื ื“ื™ื’ืขืจ ื˜ืื’ ืคืืจ ืืŸ ืขื›ื˜ืŸ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘. ื ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื’ื™ื™ืขืŸ ืื ื’ืขื˜ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืฉื‘ืชืณื“ื™ื’ืข ืงืœื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืฆื™ื ื“ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื›ื˜, ืืคื™ืœื• ื“ืขื ืฉื˜ืจื™ื™ืžืขืœ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืงื™ื˜ืฉืข.

3.ืžืขืŸ ืฆื™ื ื“ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื›ื˜, ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืื˜ืข ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื”ืขืœืคืŸ ื“ืขืจื ืืš ืืœืข ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ืื•ื™ืš ืื ืฆื™ื ื“ืขืŸ, ืžืขืŸ ืคืืจื‘ืจืขื ื’ื˜, ืฆื•ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื’ืกื˜ืขืŸ, ื ื”ืืœื‘ืข ืฉืขื” ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื›ื˜. ืืœืข ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘, ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื‘ื™ื– ืงืœื™ื™ืŸ, ืžืืžืข, ื‘ืจื•ื“ืขืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืงืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื›ื˜ ื ื”ืืœื‘ืข ืฉืขื”, ื“ืืก ืจื•ืคื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืดืœื™ื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ืจ ื”ื’ื ื•ื–ืด, [ื•ื•ืืก ืฉื˜ืืžื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื›ื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืืก ื’ืื˜ ื”ืื˜ ื‘ืื”ืืœื˜ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื™ื– ื‘ืืฉืืคืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ]. ืงื•ืงืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื›ื˜ ื‘ืจืขื ื’ื˜ ืดื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ืืด, ืžื•ืจื ืคืืจ ื’ืื˜. ืขืก ืฉื™ื™ื ื˜ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืชื•ืจื” ืื•ื™ืคืŸ ื ืคืฉ ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ื™ื“.

ื•ื•ืืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืืœื‘ืขืจ ืฉืขื”? ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ื‘ืืงืื ื˜ืข ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืดืžืขื•ื– ืฆื•ืจ ื™ืฉื•ืขืชื™ืด ืื•ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืข ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช ื”ืื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืœื™ื“ืขืจ, ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืคื–ืžื•ื ื™ื. ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืื˜ืข ืงืขืŸ ืื™ื ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจื–ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ื‘ืขื ืงืขื ื™ืฉ ื“ืืก ื‘ืืงืื ื˜ืข ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืœื™ื“:ย 

ื‘ืจืขื ื˜ ืœื™ื›ื˜ืขืœืขืš ื‘ืจืขื ื˜, ื‘ืจืขื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืจ ืงืขื ื˜
ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืื™ื™ืขืจ ืคื™ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืขืจ โ€”
ื‘ืืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜.

4.ื ืกืš ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื“ืืŸ ืฆื•ื–ืืžืขื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื ื›ืืคืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืžืื›ืŸ ื ื˜ืขื ืฆืขืœ, ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืคืจื™ื ื’ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ื•ื•ื™ ืืœืข ื™ืžื™ื ื˜ื•ื‘ื™ื, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื—ืกื™ื“ ืืจื•ื™ืกื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืื– ื“ื™ ืžื™ืฆื•ื” ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ืกืขืจืœื™ื›ืข ื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืฆื•ื”, ื ืฉื™ื™ื ืข ืžื ื•ืจื” ืื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ื ืข ืœื™ื›ื˜, ืงื•ื™ืคืŸ ืฉื™ื™ื ืข ื’ืขืฉืื ืงืขืŸ ืคืืจ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ. ื“ืขืจ ื—ืกื™ื“ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ื–ื•ื›ืขืŸ ืื™ื ืขื ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืžืขืจ ืฉืคื™ื™ื– ืคืืจ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ืฉืžื”.

ื•ื•ืืก ื”ืื˜ ืคืืกื™ืจื˜ ื“ื? ืžืขืŸ ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขื˜ืจืืคืขืŸ ืื‘ื™ืกืœ ืื•ื™ืœ ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืจื™ื™ืŸ, ืžืขืŸ ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขืฆื™ื ื“ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื ื•ืจื”, ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืžืื›ื˜ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ื ื’ืื ืฆืŸ ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’? ื•ื•ื™ ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื– ื ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ืฉืื›ื˜ืœ ื‘ื•ื™ืžืœ, ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ืืจื•ื™ืก ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ื ื ืก, ื–ืืœืŸ ื™ื™ื“ืขืŸ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ ื˜ื•ื™ื–ืขื ื˜ืขืจ ื™ืืจืŸ ืฉืคืขื˜ืขืจ ืื–ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ?ย 

ื’ืื˜ ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืœื˜ ืื•ื ื– ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ืŸ ืขืคืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื ืก. ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื›ืŸ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืœื˜ ืื•ื™ืกืœืขืฉืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืืจืฉื˜ืื ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื™ื™ื“, ื“ืขืจ ื™ื™ื“ ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ื’ื•ื™ ื–ืืœืŸ ื˜ืจืื›ื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข; ื“ืืก ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืคืืœืง ืงืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื ืคืืœืง, ืื‘ืขืจ ืืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืชื•ืจื”, ืืŸ ื’ืœื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืื˜, ื ืืจ ืดื ืคืืœืง ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืขืŸ ืืœืข ืคืขืœืงืขืจืด. ืคืจื™ืขืจ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื›ืŸ ื’ืขืœืื–ื˜ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ื“ืขื ื™ื™ื“, ืคืืจืงืขืจื˜ ื’ืืจ, ื ืกืš ื™ื™ื“ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืื•ืŸ ืื ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™. ื“ืขืจ ืขื™ืงืจ โ€” ื“ื™ ื’ืจื™ื›ืŸ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืœื˜ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ื™ื™ื“ ื–ืืœ ืคืืจื’ืขืกืŸ ืื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคื•ื ืขื ืดืืชื” ื‘ื—ืจืชื ื•ืด.

ื™ื™ื“ืŸ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื“ืืก ืฉื˜ืืจืง ื‘ืืงืขืžืคื˜. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืื˜ ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืŸ ื“ืขื ื ืก ืžื™ื˜ ื ืงืจื™ื’ืœ ืื•ื™ืœ, ื•ื•ืืก ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขื‘ืจืขื ื˜ ืคืืจ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืื›ื˜ ื˜ืขื’, ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืœ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื—ื›ืžื”, ื“ื™ ืงืœื•ื’ืฉืคืื˜ ืคื•ื ืขื ื™ื™ื“, ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื“ืืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืก ื“ื•ื›ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื ืื– ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ื—ื›ืžื” ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ, ื•ื•ื™ื™ื–ื˜ ื”ืฉื ืื– ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื’ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืขื ื‘ื™ืกืœ ื—ื›ืžื” ืคื•ืŸ ื ื™ื™ื“, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื’ืขืฉืขืŸ ื ื ืก ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขืฉืคืจื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ื›ืžื” ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื˜ื•ื™ื–ืขื ื˜ืขืจ ื™ืืจืŸ.

ืื˜ ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ืคืืจืŸ ื™ื™ื“, ืื– ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ื™ ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืงืœื•ื’ืฉืืคื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืื ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžืงื™ื™ื ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืกื•ืง: ื›ื™ ืžืœืื” ื”ืืจืฅ ื“ืขื” ืืช ื”ืณ ื›ืžื™ื ืœื™ื ืžื›ืกื™ื, ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืื ื’ืขืคื•ืœื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืงืœื•ื’ืฉืืคื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืื˜.

5.ื“ื™ ืžืฆื•ื” ืื™ื– ืžืขืŸ ื–ืืœ ืขืก ืฆื™ื ื“ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื ืื›ื˜, ื“ื™ ืœื™ื›ื˜ ื–ืืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื ื™ื“ืจื™ื’ืข ืคืœืืฅ ื ืื ื˜ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“. ื“ืืก ืœืขืจื ื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื– ืื– ื“ื™ ืœื™ื›ื˜ ื•ื•ืืก ืฉืืคื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžื ื•ืจื”, ืื™ื– ืื–ื•ื™ ืฉื˜ืืจืง ืื– ืขืก ืคืืจื˜ืจื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ื ืฆื˜ืขืจื ื™ืฉ, ืขืก ืฉื™ื™ื ื˜ ื ืœื™ื›ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืืžืข ื ื™ื“ืจืจื™ื’ืกื˜ืข ืขืจื˜ืขืจ.

6.ืื•ื™ื‘ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืืžืืœ ืืจื•ื™ืกืฉืคืจื™ืฆืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขื ื˜ ืฆื™ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจื“, ื‘ื•ื™ืžืœ ืื“ืขืจ ืคื™ื™ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืœืื–ื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื ืฉื•ื•ืืจืฆืŸ ืคืœืขืง, ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื–ืื’ืŸ: ืื™ื™ ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ื ืžื—ื™ื”, ืขืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื ืฆื™ื™ื›ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื™ืœื™ื’ืข ืœื™ื›ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื’ืื ืฅ ื™ืืจ!

7.ื ืื›ืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืฆื™ื ื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืืจื•ืžื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ืืจื•ื ื˜ื™ืฉ. ื™ืขื“ืŸ ื˜ืื’ ืžืื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืืžืข ืกืคืขืฆื™ืขืœืข ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืžืื›ืœื™ื, ื’ืขืงืขื›ื˜ืก ื•ื•ืืก ืžืขืŸ ื‘ืืœืขืงื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ื™ ืคื™ื ื’ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืžื™ื˜. ืกืคืขืฆื™ืขืœ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืืžืข ืžืื›ืŸ ืžื™ืœื›ื™ื’ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืงืขื–, ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ื ืžื™ื ื”ื’ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืืœื˜, ืื– ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืขืกื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืงืขื–, ื•ื•ื™ื‘ืืœื“ ื“ืขืจ ื ืก ืื™ื– ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืื ื“ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืงืขื–, ื•ื•ืืก ื™ื”ื•ื“ืช ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืขืกืŸ ืคืืจืŸ ืคื™ื™ื ื˜.

8.ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืžืื›ืŸ ืื– ื“ืขืจ ืขืœื˜ืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ื—ื•ืจ, ืื“ืขืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ื“ื™ ื˜ืื˜ืข ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ืื’ืŸ ื ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืดื‘ื™ืช ื™ื•ืกืฃืณืก ืงืฉื™ืืด, ื•ื•ืืก ืคืืจื ืขืžืขื˜ ื ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืคืœืืฅ ื‘ื™ื™ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื.

ื“ื™ ืงืฉื™ื ื•ื•ืืก ืืœืข ืคืจืขื’ืŸ ืื™ื–: ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ื“ื ืื›ื˜ ื˜ืขื’ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื‘ืขืช ื“ืขืจ ื ืก ื”ืื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืฆื•ื™ื’ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื–ื™ื‘ืŸ ื˜ืื’? ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืŸ ื˜ืื’ ื”ืื˜ ื“ืืš ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ืœ ื’ืขื‘ืจืขื ื˜ ื ืื˜ื™ืจืœืขืš, ืขืก ืื™ื– ื“ืืš ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืคืืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื˜ืื’ ืื•ื™ืœ?

ืืœืข ืกืคืจื™ื, ืจื‘ื™ืก, ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื, ื“ืจืฉื ื™ื, ืœื•ืžื“ื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ืกืชื ื™ื™ื“ืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื“ืืก ืื™ื‘ืขืจื–ืื’ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคืจืขื’ืŸ, ื‘ื™ื™ ื™ืขื“ืŸ ื˜ื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ืคืืจื˜ื™ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืฉืžื•ืขืกืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืงืฉื™ื, ึฟืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืคืจื•ื‘ื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืขื ื˜ืคืขืจืŸ ื ืชื™ืจื•ืฅ ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ.

9.ื“ืืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืฉืคื™ืœืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ื“ืœ. ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืคื™ืœ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคืืจ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข, ื ืืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืคืืจ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืืงืกืขื ืข, ื˜ืื˜ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืžืืžืขืก. ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ืจื‘ื™ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืฉืคื™ืœืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ื“ืขืœ, ืคืืจ ื“ืขื ืฆื•ื•ืขืง ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื’ืขืงื•ื™ืคื˜ ื“ืขื ืจื‘ื™ืŸ ืืคื™ืœื• ื ื’ืืœื“ืขื ืขื ื“ืจื™ื™ื“ืœ. ื‘ื™ื™ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื–ืื’ื˜ ืžืขืŸ: ื“ืจื™ื™ื“ืœ ื‘ืจืขื ื’ื˜ ืืจืืค ื’ื•ื˜ืข ื”ืฉืคืขื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ื ืกืš ื’ื•ื˜ืก, ืดื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื”ื™ื ื˜ืŸ ื“ืจื™ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืขืคืขืก ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸืด.

10.ื‘ืฉืขืช ื“ื™ ืกืขื•ื“ื•ืช ื”ืขืจื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื˜ื™ืจ ืฆื• ืงืœืืคืŸ, ื“ื™ ื’ืœืืง ืงืœื•ื ื’ื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื“ืจื™ื™ ืžื™ื ื•ื˜, ื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื ืืš ืฆื“ืงื”. ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืืจ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข, ื ืืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ื’ืื ืฅ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืžื™ื™ื“ืขืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ื™ื™ื ื’ืขืœืขืš, ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืฆื•ื–ืื ื’ืืจ ื ืกืš ืดื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื’ืขืœื˜ืด ืคืืจ ืฆื“ืงื” ืฆื•ื•ืขืงืŸ. ื–ื™ื™ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืก ื™ืืจ, ืื•ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืข ื ืื›ื˜ ื—ื ื•ื›ื”. ื™ืขื“ืข ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืกื˜ื™ื™ืœืŸ ื ืกืš ื’ืขืœื˜, ืืคื™ืœื• ืžืขืŸ ื–ืืœ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืคืืจ ื™ืขื“ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืคื•ืคืฆื™ืง ืกืขื ื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืขืก ืื ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืฆื• ืฆืขื ื“ืœื™ื’ืขืจ ื“ืืœืขืจืŸ ื ื ืื›ื˜, ื ืกืš ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืคืืจ ื™ืขื“ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืืœืขืจ ืื“ืขืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ืคื™ื ืขืฃ ื“ืืœืขืจ.

11.ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื ืกืš ืžืืœ ืื™ื™ืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื“ืืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืื˜ืข ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ื‘ื—ื•ืจื™ื ืฆื•ื ืจื‘ื™ื ืณืก ื˜ื™ืฉ, ืžืขืŸ ื–ืื’ื˜ ื“ืจืฉื•ืช, ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ืœื™ื“ืขืจ, ืžืขืŸ ืฉืคื™ืจื˜ ื ื—ื™ื•ืช ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘.

12.ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคืจื•ื™ืขืŸ? ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื–ืืจื’ื˜, ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืคืืจื˜ื™ืก ืื•ืŸ ืฆื•ื–ืืžืขื ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื’ืขืจ ื ืื›ื˜, ืืžืืœ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืคืืจื˜ื™ืก, ืื™ื™ื ืก ื‘ื™ื™ื˜ืื’ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืก ื‘ื™ื™ื ืื›ื˜.

13.ื ืกืš ืคืจื•ื™ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื“ืขืœืขืš ืคื™ืจืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ื ืืจื‘ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืœืื ื’ ื“ื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื™ื›ื˜ ื‘ืจืขื ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ื™ื‘ืืœื“ ื“ืขืจ ื ืก ืื™ื– ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืื ื“ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ื ืคืจื•ื™, ื™ื”ื•ื“ื™ืช ื“ื™ ื˜ืื›ื˜ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื•ื—ื ืŸ ื›ื”ืŸ ื’ื“ื•ืœ.

14.ื™ืขื“ืข ืžืฉืคื—ื” ื”ืื˜ ื ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืžืกื™ื‘ื”, ื•ื•ืื• ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคื—ื” ืงื•ืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื–ืืžืขืŸ, ืื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืขื ื˜ืฉื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืกืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืื– ื™ืขื“ืข ืคืืžื™ืœื™ืข ืงื•ืžื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื–ืืžืขืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ื’ืข ื ืื›ื˜, ื“ืืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืื–ื•ื™: ืื™ื™ื ืžืืœ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ื™ ื–ื™ื™ื“ืข-ื‘ืื‘ืข ืžืื›ืŸ ื ืคืืจื˜ื™ ืคืืจ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืคืืžื™ืœื™ืข ืคื•ืŸ ืื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ื–ืŸ ืกื•ืฃ, ืื•ืŸ ืจื•ื‘ ืžืืœ ื”ืื˜ ื“ืืš ื ืžืฉืคื—ื” 2 ื–ื™ื™ื“ืขืก, ื“ืืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ 2 ื ืขื›ื˜ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืื™ื– ืžืขืŸ ืคืืจื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคืืจื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื‘ืื‘ืข ื–ื™ื™ื“ืข. ื“ื™ ื“ืจื™ื˜ืข ืžืืœ ืื™ื– ืขืก ื“ื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืคืืจื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืืก ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื’ืขื”ืื˜ ื•ื•ืืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืืจื•ื™ืก ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘, ืฆื•ื–ืืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื ืืš ื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘. ื“ื™ ืคืขืจื˜ืข ืžืืœ ืื™ื– ืขืก ื“ื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืคืืจื˜ื™ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ.

ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืคืืจื˜ื™ ื”ืื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืจ ืคืจืื’ืจืื, ื•ื•ืืก ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืœื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื”ืืจืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื ืฉืžื”.

ืื™ื ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ืงื•ืžื˜ ืืŸ ืดืฉื‘ืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื”ืด ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืขื ืขืจ ืฉื‘ืช.

15.ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื–ืื’ืŸ ืื– ื“ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขื ืข ืื•ื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืืคื’ืขื‘ืจืขื ื˜ืข ืงื ื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืืก ืžืขืŸ ื”ืื˜ ืคืืจื ื•ืฆื˜ ืฆื• ืฆื™ื ื“ืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืœื™ื›ื˜, ืื™ื– ื ืกื’ื•ืœื”, ื ืกืš ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื“ืขืจืžื™ื˜ ืื ืฉืžื™ืจืŸ ื ืจื•ื™ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืก, ืื•ืŸ ื–ืื’ืŸ ืื– ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืžืฆื•ื” ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื– ืื™ื ื’ืื ืฆืขืŸ ืื•ื•ืขืง ื’ื™ื™ืŸ.

16.ื“ืขืจ ืœืขืฆื˜ืขืจ ื˜ืื’ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืดื–ืืช ื—ื ื•ื›ื”ืด, ื’ืจืขืกืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ืืœืข ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ื˜ืขื’. ื ืกืš ืจื‘ื™ื™ื ืคื™ืจืŸ ื“ืืŸ ื ืกืคืขืฆื™ืขืœืŸ ื˜ื™ืฉ, ื–ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืžืื›ืŸ ื ืคื™ื™ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคืืจื‘ืจืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืขื ืข ืื•ื™ืœ, ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžืื›ืŸ ื ื˜ืื ืฅ ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืืจื•ื ื“ืขื ืคื™ื™ืขืจ. ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื•ื•ืืจื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื‘ืœื™ื‘ืข ื–ืื›ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ื”, ื‘ื™ื– ืขืจื‘ ืคืกื—, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืคืืจื‘ืจืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืดืฉืจื™ืคืช ื—ืžืฅืด.

ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ื ืคืจื™ื™ื ื“ ืžื™ื™ื ืขื, ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ืขืจ ื“ืืก ืœื™ื“ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ืืงืื ื˜ืŸ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ืฉืŸ ืงืืžืคืื–ื™ื˜ืืจ ืดื™ื•ื ื˜ื•ื‘ ืขื”ืจืœื™ืšืด ื‘ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืœื™ื“ ืดื—ื ื•ื›ื”ืด, ืขืจ ื—ื–ืจืณื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ:

ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ื“ื™ ืคื™ื™ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ื—ืกื™ื“ื•ืช โ€” ื•ื•ืืก ื•ื•ืืจื™ืžื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ืขืจืฆืขืจ ืืŸ
ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืื™ื™ื“ืขืœื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ื“ื™ ืžื™ื“ื•ืช โ€” ืœืื–ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ืก ื ื™ื˜ ื˜ืืŸ

ื–ืืœ ื”ืฉื ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื ืคืจื™ื™ืœื™ื›ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืขื“ื™ื’ืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ื” ืคืืจ ื’ืื ืฅ ื›ืœืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ.

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ื ืึธืš ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืœื›ึผื‘ึฟื•ื“ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”

December 14, 2017, 7:50 am
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ืžื™ืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžืžืฉื™ืš ืžื™ื˜ ืื•ื ื“ื–ืขืจ ืกืขืจื™ืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืœื›ึผื‘ึฟื•ื“ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”.

ื“ื™ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืข ืœื™ืกื˜ืข ื”ื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืœื™ื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ืžืกืชึผืžื ื“ืึธืก ืกืึทืžืขึพืขืœื˜ืกื˜ืข; ื•ื•ื™ ืึทืœืข ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ืข ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืชึผืคึฟื™ืœื•ืช, ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึดื“ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ื”ื™ื ื˜ืขืจื’ืจื•ื ื˜ืŸ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ โ€žืžืขื•ื– ืฆื•ืจโ€Ÿ ืžื™ื˜ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจืข ืžืขืœืึธื“ื™ืขืก. ืึธื˜ ืงืขื ื˜ ืื™ืจ ื”ืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื–ืŸ ืคึผื ื—ืก ื‘ืึธืจืขื ืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืœื™ื“, ื‘ืึทื’ืœื™ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื›ืึธืจ.

ื“ื™ ื‘ืจืึธืกืœืขื•ื•ืขืจ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ, ืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ โ€žืžืขื•ื– ืฆื•ืจโ€Ÿ. ืึธื˜ ืฉืคึผื™ืœื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ืขืจ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ืžื•ื–ื™ืงืขืจ ื™ื—ื™ืืœ ืคึฟืจืึทื ืง ื“ืขื ื ื™ื’ื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืคึฟืŸ ืงืœืึทืจื ืขื˜.

ืื™ืŸ ืžืึทืจืึธืงืึธ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืชึผืคึฟื™ืœื•ืช ืื•ื™ืฃ ื’ืึธืจ ืึทืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื’ืขืจ. ืึธื˜ ื”ืขืจื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื˜ืจืึทื“ื™ืฆื™ืึธื ืขืœืข ืžืึทืจืึธืงืึทื ืขืจ ืงืึทืคึผืขืœื™ืข ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืคึฟืึธืจ โ€žืžืขื•ื– ืฆื•ืจโ€Ÿ. ืขืก ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ื”ืจื‘ึฟ ืžื ื™ ืžื™ื™ืžื•ืŸ ื›ึผื”ืŸ.

ื ืึธืš ืึทืŸ ืื•ืจึพืึทืœื˜ืข ืชึผืคึฟื™ืœื”, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืึท ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพืœื™ื“ ืื™ื– โ€žื”ื ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•โ€Ÿ. ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืขืจ ื•ื•ืึทืจืฉืขื•ื•ืขืจ ื—ื–ืŸ ื’ืจืฉื•ืŸ ืกื™ืจืึธื˜ืข โ€žื”ื ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•โ€Ÿ, ื‘ืึทื’ืœื™ื™ื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท ื›ืึธืจ.

ื—ื–ืŸ ืกื™ืจืึธื˜ืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืึทืžืข ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ืกื˜ืข ื—ื–ื ื™ื ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 1910ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ 1920ืขืจ ื™ืึธืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืคึฟื’ืขื˜ืจืึธื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฆืขื ื“ืœื™ืงืขืจ ืœืขื ื“ืขืจ, ืึทืจืฒึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ื“ื™ ืคึฟืึทืจืื™ื™ื ื™ืงื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืึทื˜ืŸ, ื•ื•ื•ึผ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ โ€žืงืึทืจื ืขื’ื™ึพื”ืึธืœโ€Ÿ. ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืื•ืžื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืขืœึพืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื”ืฉื, ืึท ืงืขืžืคึฟืขืจ ืื™ื ืขื ื•ื•ืึทืจืฉืขื•ื•ืขืจึพื’ืขื˜ืึธ ืื•ื™ืคึฟืฉื˜ืึทื ื“, ืฆื• 69 ื™ืึธืจ.

ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืึธืก ื’ืจืฉื•ืŸ ืกื™ืจืึธื˜ืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจืœืึธื–ื˜ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืœืข ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื–ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืึทืจืฉืขื•ื•ืขืจ ืฉื™ืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืœืึธืžืึทืฆืงืขึพื’ืึทืก, ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื—ื–ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืงื•ืกืขื•ื•ื™ืฆืงื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึผืึธืกื˜ืŸ. ื—ื–ืŸ ืงื•ืกืขื•ื•ื™ืฆืงื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืœืขื‘ื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืœืžื—ื” ืื™ื ืขื ืจืึทื˜ืŸึพืคึฟืึทืจื‘ืึทื ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื–ืขืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืข. ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ืงืข ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ โ€žื”ื ืจื•ืช ื”ืœืœื•โ€Ÿ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ืขืช ืึท ืงืึธื ืฆืขืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืœืึธื ื“ืึธืŸ ืื™ืŸ 1955.

ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ืกื˜ืขืจ ื—ื–ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ โ€žื’ืึธืœื“ืขื ืขืจ ืชึผืงื•ืคึฟื”โ€Ÿ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื—ื–ื ื•ืช ืื™ื– ืžืกืชึผืžื ื™ืึธืกืขืœืข ืจืึธื–ืขื ื‘ืœืึทื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜, ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ืจื˜ ืึท ืกืš ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพืœื™ื“ืขืจ. ื’ืึธืจ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืกืึทื ื˜ ืื™ื– ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื ื•ืกื— ืคึฟื•ืŸ โ€žื™ื•ื•ื ื™ืโ€Ÿ, ื‘ืึทื’ืœื™ื™ื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืžืฉื•ืจืจื™ื.

ืคึฟืึทืจืึทื›ื˜ืึธื’ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ื“ื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื•ื•ื•ึผื“ื™ ื’ืึธื˜ืจื™ ืื•ืŸ โ€žื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกโ€Ÿ. ื•ื•ื™ ืขืก ื˜ืจืขืคึฟื˜ ื–ื™ืš, ื”ืึธื˜ ืคึผื™ื˜ ืกื™ื’ืขืจ, ืึท ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึทืคึผืขืœื™ืข โ€žื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื•ื•ืขืจืกโ€Ÿ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื—ื‘ึฟืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื’ืึธื˜ืจื™ ืื•ื™ืš ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ืจื˜ ืึท ื ื•ืกื— ืคึฟื•ืŸ โ€žื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”, ืื•ื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”โ€Ÿ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ.

ืื•ืŸ ืึธื˜ ืื™ื– ืึท ืคึฟื™ืœื, ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืŸ ืกื™ื’ืขืจืก ื ืึธืขื ื˜ืขืจ ื—ื‘ึฟืจ ืื•ืŸ ืงืึธืœืขื’ืข ื˜ืขืึธื“ืึธืจ ื‘ื™ืงืขืœ ื–ืณืณืœ ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื–ืขืœื‘ื™ืงืข ืœื™ื“. ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืึธืŸ ืฆื• ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ, ืจืขืฆื™ื˜ื™ืจื˜ ืขืจ ืึทืŸ ืขื ื’ืœื™ืฉืŸ ื ื•ืกื— ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืžืึธืจื™ืก ืจืึธื–ืขื ืคึฟืขืœื“ โ€žืื•ื™ ืื™ืจ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ืœื™ื›ื˜ืœืขืšโ€Ÿ.

ื ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขื, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืึธืก ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ืงืข ื’ืึธืจึพื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ืข ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพืœื™ื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื–ืฉื•ื“ืขื–ืžืข ืื™ื– โ€žืึทื›ื˜ ืœื™ื›ื˜ืœืขืšโ€Ÿ, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธ ืฆืขื ื“ืœื™ืงืขืจ ืึทืœื˜ืข ืคึฟืึธืœืงืกืœื™ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื” ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืกืคึฟืจื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ื˜ืจืึทื“ื™ืฆื™ืข, ืึท ืกืš ืžืขืจ ื•ื•ื™, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทืฉื›ึผื ื–ื™ืฉืขืจ. ืึธื˜ ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื“ื–ืฉื•ื“ื™ ืคึฟืจืขื ืงืœ ืคึฟืึธืจ ืื™ืจ ื ื•ืกื— ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™.

ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื™ื™ืš โ€žืึทื›ื˜ ืœื™ื›ื˜ืœืขืšโ€Ÿ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ืœื™ื“ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืคึฟืœืึธืจื™ ื™ืึทื’ืึธื“ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืคึผืึธืคึผื•ืœืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทืœื’ืขืžื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืึทื ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืขืœืงืขืจื•ื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืกืš ืขืคึฟื ื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืฉื•ืœืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื™ืขืจืœืขื›ืข ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืจึพืงืึธื ืฆืขืจื˜ืŸ. ืึธื˜ ืื™ื– ื’ืึธืจ ืึท ืฉื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื ื•ืกื— ืคึฟื•ืŸ Ocho Kandelikas, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืึท ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทืจืฒึทื ื’ืขืฉื™ืงื˜, ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืŸ ืึท ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจื›ืึธืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืงืึธื ืขื˜ื™ืงืึธื˜ ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืคึฟืึธืจ ื“ืึธืก ืœื™ื“.

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ืฉืœื•ื ืœืขืžืขืจ ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ื“ื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืื•ื™ืฉืขืจ

December 14, 2017, 7:55 am
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ืคึฟืึทืจืึทื›ื˜ืึธื’ืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ืžืฒึทืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื–ื™ื›ื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืœื›ึผื‘ึฟื•ื“ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”, ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ, ืึทื– ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืึท ืกืš ืงืœืขื–ืžืึธืจื™ื ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืื•ื™ืฉืขืจ, ืงืขืŸ ืงื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจื’ืœืฒึทื›ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฉืขืจ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ.

ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื ืึธื›ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื”ืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืฉืœื•ื ืœืขืžืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืคึฟืึธืจ ืึท ืคึผืึธืคึผื•ืจื™ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฉืขืจืก ืœื™ื“ืขืจ, ื‘ืึทื’ืœื™ื™ื˜ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื โ€žืฉื™ืจื”ึพื›ืึธืจโ€Ÿ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขื โ€žืคึฟืจื™ื™ืœืขืšึพืึธืจืงืขืกื˜ืขืจโ€Ÿ, ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืš ืึทื– ืื™ืš ื”ืึธื‘ ื–ื™ืš ื˜ื•ืขื” ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ.

ื“ื™ ืžืึธื“ืขืจื ืข ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืคึผืจืขื˜ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ โ€žื”ืึธื‘ ืึท ื’ื•ื˜ืŸ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”โ€Ÿ, โ€žื“ืจืฒ ื“ืจื™ื™ื“ืœโ€Ÿ ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฉืขืจืก ืจืขืคึผืขืจื˜ื•ืึทืจ ื‘ื™ื ื“ื˜ ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืข ืขืœืขืžืขื ื˜ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฉืขืจืก ืึธืจื™ื’ื™ื ืขืœืขืจ ืงืึธืžืคึผืึธื–ื™ืฆื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืžืึธื“ืขืจื ืข ืžื•ื–ื™ืงืึทืœื™ืฉืข ืื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืžืขื ื˜ืŸ, ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ืขืœืขืงื˜ืจื™ืฉืข ื’ื™ื˜ืึทืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืขืงื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ืจื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ืขืจ ื—ื–ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืœืขื‘ื˜. ื“ื™ ืึทืจืึทื ื–ืฉื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืœืŸ ืึธืจืงืขืกื˜ืขืจ, ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขื ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืงืข ืงื•ืœื•ืช ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ื›ืึธืจ, ื’ื™ื‘ืŸ ืึท ืกืš ืฆื• ืฆื• ืœืขืžืขืจืก ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื ื“ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึธืคึผ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืงืŸ ืงื•ืœ. ืึทืคึฟื™ืœื• ื“ื™ ื‘ืœืึธื–ึพืื™ื ืกื˜ืจื•ืžืขื ื˜ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš ื“ื™ ื”ื•ื™ืคึผื˜ึพื—ืกืจื•ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืฒึทื ื˜ื™ืงืขืจ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ืžื•ื–ื™ืง, ืงืœื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ ืฆื•ื’ืขืคึผืึทืกื˜ ืื™ื ืขื ื ืฒึทืขื ื ื•ืกื—. ื“ืขืจ ืกืึทืงืกืึธืคึฟืึธืŸึพืกืึธืœืึธ ืื™ืŸ โ€žื“ืจื™ื™ ื“ืจื™ื™ื“ืœโ€Ÿ ืื™ื– ื‘ืคึฟื™ืจื•ืฉ ืฉื˜ืึทืจืง.

ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืจื˜: ืกืณืื™ื– ื›ึผื“ืึทื™ ืฆื• ื–ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืขืจืŸ โ€” ืื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผื™ืœืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืืฒึทืขืจ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพืฉื‚ื™ืžื—ื”.

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ืกืณื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืื™ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ึพื’ื•ื˜ ื‘ืฒึทื ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ

December 14, 2017, 7:56 am
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ืœื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืดืจ ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืจ,

ืึธืคึฟื˜ ืžืึธืœ, ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ืš ืžืึทืš ืคึฟื™ื–ื™ืฉืข ื’ืขื ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคึฟื™ืœ ืื™ืš ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ื•ื˜. ืกืณื˜ื•ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ืฐืฒ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืคึผ ืึท ื’ืึทื ืฆืŸ ื˜ืึธื’, ืื•ืŸ ืึท ืžืึธืœ ืฉืฐื™ื ื“ืœื˜ ืžื™ืจ. ื ืขื›ื˜ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฉืจืขืงืœืขืš. ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืจื™ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื˜ืึธืŸ 50 ืžื™ื ื•ื˜ โ€˜ืงืึทืจื“ื™ืึธโ€™, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ืฉืขืช ื“ืขื ืฉืคึผืจื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืึทืœืฅ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ื•ื˜. ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื’ืœืฒึทืš ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืคึผ ืึธื ื’ืขื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืฐืฒ ื˜ืึธืŸ. ื›ืณื”ืึธื‘ ื’ืขื˜ืจื•ื ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืึทืกืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื’ืขืกืŸ ืึท ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ืŸ ืคึฟืจื™ืฉื˜ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืŸ ื‘ื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืคึผื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ื™ืง ื–ืึธืœ ืึทื•ื•ืขืง. ืกืณืื™ื– ืึธื‘ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ืœื™ื‘ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš ืžื™ื˜ืึธื’ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื“ืึทืจืคึฟื˜ ืื”ื™ื™ืžืงื•ืžืขืŸ, ื›ืณื”ืึธื‘ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื•ื•ืขืงื’ืขืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื˜, ื’ืขืฆื™ื˜ืขืจื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืึทืคึฟื™ืœื• ื’ืขื‘ืจืึธื›ืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึธืจ ืžืึธืœ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึธืœืคึฟืŸ.
ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื–? ื’ืœื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ืžื™ืจ, ืื™ืš ื‘ื™ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ื˜ื™ืคึผ ื•ื•ืืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืœื™ื‘ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ืฆื•ืฉื˜ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ. ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœ ื ืึธืจ ืึทื– ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึทืจืฅ ื–ืึธืœ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ื›ึผื“ื™ ืื™ืš ื–ืึธืœ ืงืขืŸ ื›ืึทืคึผืŸ ื“ืขื ืื•ื™ื˜ืึธื‘ื•ืก. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืจ ืงืจืึทื ืง ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืขื ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, ื–ืึธืœ ืื™ืš ืขืก ื ื™ื˜ ื˜ื•ืŸ?

ืึท ื“ืึทื ืง,
ืึท ื‘ืจืขื›ื ื“ื™ืงืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืึทืœื˜ื™ืžืึธืจ

ื˜ืฒึทืขืจืขืจ ื‘ืจืขื›ื ื“ื™ืงืขืจ,

ืขืก ื˜ื•ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื‘ืึทื ื’ ืฆื• ื”ืขืจืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื• ื”ืึธืกื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทื–ื•ื™ ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ ื’ืขืคึฟื™ืœื˜ ื‘ืฒึทื ืžืึทื›ืŸ ื’ืขื ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ! ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืฒึทื ืข ืกื™ืžืคึผื˜ืึธืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ืฉืฐืขืจ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจื’ืฒืŸ ืึท ื’ืขื ืฑืข ืกื™ื‘ื”, ื ืึธืจ ืขืก ืงืขืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืึทื– ื“ืฒึทืŸ ืงืขืจืคึผืขืจืก ืจืขืึทืงืฆื™ืข ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฐืขืŸ ืžืขืจ ืฐืฒื ื™ืงืขืจ ื ืึธืจืžืึทืœ. ื’ืขืฐืฒื ื˜ืœืขืš, ืฐืขืŸ ืžืข ืฉื˜ืจืขื ื’ื˜ ืึธืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ื•ืฃ ื”ืฒื‘ื˜ ืึธืŸ ื’ื™ื›ืขืจ ืฆื• ืงืœืึทืคึผืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึทืจืฅ, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืืฒืŸ ืฆืฒึทื˜ ืึธื˜ืขืžื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื’ื™ื›ืขืจ, ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื”ืขื›ืขืจืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื˜ื“ืจื•ืง, ื›ึผื“ื™ ืฆื• ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืžืขืจ ื–ื•ื™ืขืจืฉื˜ืึธืฃ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึธืจื’ืึทื ืขืŸ. ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ื™ ืคึฟืจืึทื’ืข: ืคึฟืึทืจ ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธืกื˜ื• ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขืคึฟื™ืœื˜ ืึทื–ืฑ ืฉืœืขื›ื˜?

ืขืก ืคึฟืึทืœืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืืฒึทืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช. ืกืณืงืขืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ, ืึทื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืึทืœืข ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึท ืฉืฒึทื›ื•ืช ืฆื• ื“ืฒึทืŸ ืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทืฆื™ืข. (ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ืฐื™ืœ ืื™ืš ื—ืœื™ืœื” ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืึทื– ื“ื• ื‘ื™ืกื˜ ืฉื•ืœื“ื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื โ€” ืคึฟืึทืจืฉืฒื“ืขื ืข ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืฐืขืจืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืฉ ื‘ืึทืฐื™ืจืงื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืฉืฐืขืจืข ื’ืขื ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ.)

  1. ืึท ื˜ืฒืœ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืฐืขืจืŸ ื’ืจื™ื ื’ ื“ืขื”ื™ื“ืจื™ืจื˜ (ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื˜ืจื™ืงื ื˜), ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืคึฟื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ื ื™ืฉื˜ึพื’ื•ื˜ืงืฒื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืฐื™ื ื“ืœืขื ื™ืฉ, ืึทืคึฟื™ืœื• ืฆื•ื ืึทืฐืขืงื—ืœืฉืŸ. ืื™ื– ืืคึฟืฉืจ ื›ึผื“ืึทื™ ื–ื™ืš ืึธื ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืฐืึทืกืขืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึทืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืœื™ืกื™ืงืฒื˜ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ื“ื• ื›ืึทืคึผืกื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืึทืจืฒึทืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืกืคึผืึธืจื˜ื–ืึทืœ.

  2. ืฐืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ื”ืึทืจืฅ ื”ืฒื‘ื˜ ืึธืŸ ื’ื™ื›ืขืจ ืฆื• ืงืœืึทืคึผืŸ, ืฐืขืจื˜ ื“ืึธืก ื‘ืœื•ื˜ ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขืคึฟื™ืจื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืžื•ื—, ืฐืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ืืฑืš ื“ืขืจืคึฟื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืฉืฐื™ื ื“ืœืขื ื™ืฉ.

  3. ื˜ืฒืœ ืžืึธืœ, ืืฑื‘ ืžืข ื˜ืจื™ื ืงื˜ ืฆื• ืคึฟื™ืœ ืคึฟืœื™ืกื™ืงืฒื˜ ืึธืŸ ืขืœืขืงื˜ืจืึธืœื™ื˜ืŸ (ืžื™ื ืขืจืึทืœืŸ) ื•ื•ื™, ืฆื•ื ื‘ืฒึทืฉืคึผื™ืœ, ืกืชึผื ืฐืึทืกืขืจ, ืงืขืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ื™ืฐืึธ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื ืึทื˜ืจื™ื•ื ื”ื™ืคึผืฉ ืึธืคึผื’ืขืฉื•ื•ืึทื›ื˜ ืฐืขืจืŸ, ืฐืึธืก ืงืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืคึฟื™ืจืŸ ืฆื• ืขืจื ืฆื˜ืข ืกื™ืžืคึผื˜ืึธืžืขืŸ.

ืฐื™ ืึธืคึฟื˜ ืžืึธืœ, ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืจื™ื›ื˜ื™ืงืขืจ ืฆื•ื’ืึทื ื’ ืึธืคึผื”ืขื ื’ื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื, ืฐื™ ืฉืฐืขืจ ื“ื• ืฐืขืจืกื˜ ื’ืขืฐื™ืจืงื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืคึผื™ื–ืึธื“ืŸ. ืืฑื‘ ื–ืฒ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคึฟืึธืจ ื™ืขื“ืขืก ืžืึธืœ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ืจ ืžืึทื›ื˜ ื’ืขื ื™ื˜ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, ืื™ื– ืžืŸึพื”ืกืชึผื ื›ึผื“ืึทื™ ืฆื• ืจืขื“ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื“ืึธืงื˜ืขืจ.

ืœื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืดืจ ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืจ,
ืฐื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืงืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืงื˜ืฑืจื™ื ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทืฆื™ืขื ื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ ืฐืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื, ืฐืึธืก ื”ืฒืกื˜ ืึท โ€žืคึผืึทืกื™ืงืข ืงืฐืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸโ€œ?

ืขืžื™ ืึทืœืึทืจืึท, ืžืขืจื™ืœืึทื ื“

ื˜ืฒึทืขืจืข ื—ื‘ึฟืจื˜ืข ืึทืœืึทืจืึท,

ืฐื™ ืึธืคึฟื˜ ืžืึธืœ, ืฐืขื ื“ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื ืขื ืงืึธื ื˜ืขืงืกื˜. ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขืจืžื™ืŸ โ€žืงืฐืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸโ€œ ืื™ื– ื’ืขืฐืฒื ื˜ืœืขืš ืื•ืžืงืœืึธืจ, ืึทื– ืžืข ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืฆื• ืขืจืฉื˜ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืึท ืฆืึธืœ ืขืจื ืฆื˜ืข ืงืฉื™ื•ืช, ืกืชึผื ื›ึผื“ื™ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจืฐื™ืกืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ืฐืขื’ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ืขืก ื’ืฒื˜ ืึท ืจืฒื“. ืคึฟืึทืจืึทืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืžืขื’ืœืขื›ืงืฒื˜ืŸ. ืฆื™ ืจืขื“ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืฐืขื’ืŸ (ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืฒื ืขื ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื“ืึทื›ื˜) ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื˜ืขื’ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท ื ื•ื˜ื”ึพืœืžื•ืช, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืณืื™ื– ื˜ื•ื™ื˜ึพืงืจืึทื ืง, ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืขื™ืงืจึพืคึฟืจืึทื’ืข ืื™ื– ืึทื–ืึท: ืฆื•ืœื™ื‘ ืฐืึธืก ืื™ื– ื ืึธืš ื›ึผื“ืึทื™ ืฆื• ืœืขื‘ืŸ? ืฆื™ ื–ืฒึทื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธ ื–ืึทื›ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื–ืฒึทื ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืฑ ืื•ืžืžืขื’ืœืขืš ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจื˜ืจืึธื’ืŸ, ืึทื– ืกืณืื™ื– ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืฆื• ืœืขื‘ืŸ?

ืฆื™ ืืคึฟืฉืจ ืื™ื– โ€žืงืฐืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸโ€ ื—ืœ ืืฑืฃ ืึท ื‘ืึทืฉืœื•ืก ืฐืึธืก ืžืข ื“ืึทืจืฃ ืึธื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื’ืขืฐื™ืกืขืจ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ึพืกื™ื˜ื•ืึทืฆื™ืข, ืœืžืฉืœ, ื‘ืฒึทื ื‘ืึทืฉืœื™ืกืŸ ืฆื™ ืžืข ืฐื™ืœ (ื ื™ืฉื˜) ืึทื“ื•ืจื›ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึท ื’ืขืฐื™ืกืข ืคึผืจืึธืฆืขื“ื•ืจ ืึธื“ืขืจ ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข? ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคึฟืึทืœ ืงืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื“ืขืคึฟื™ื ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ โ€žืงืฐืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜โ€Ÿ ื“ื•ืจืš ืืฑืกืคึฟืจืขื’ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืคึผืึทืฆื™ืขื ื˜ืŸ ืฐืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืืฑืš ื“ื•ืจื›ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ืึธืคึผืขืจืึทืฆื™ืข.

ืฆื™ ืื™ื– ืฉืฒืš ื’ืึธืจ ืึท ื“ืจื™ื˜ืข ืึธืคึผืฆื™ืข, ื“ืึธืก ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื›ืจืึธื ื™ืฉืขืจ ืงืจืึทื ืงืฒื˜, ืฐื•ึผ ืืฒืŸ ืžืขื’ืœืขื›ืขืจ ืฆื™ืœ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ื’ืขืฐืขืŸ ื˜ืึทืงืข ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจื”ืขื›ืขืจืŸ ื“ืขื ื ื™ืฐืึธ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ื ืกึพืงืฐืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜? ืฐื™ ืึทื–ืฑ ืงืขืŸ ืžืข ืคึฟื™ืจืŸ ืึท ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ โ€žืงืฐืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜โ€ ืฐืขืŸ ืžืข ื“ืึทืจืฃ ื–ื™ืš ืืฑืš ืึทืŸ ืขืฆื” ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืงืจืึทื ืงืฒื˜? ื‘ืฒึท ื˜ืฒืœ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืขืจ ืขื™ืงืจ โ€” ื‘ืึทื˜ืฒึทื˜ื™ืงืข ืึทืงื˜ื™ืฐื™ื˜ืขื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจื’ืจืฒื›ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ; ื‘ืฒึท ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข, ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืžืฉืคึผื—ื” ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืจืฒึทื ื“; ื‘ืฒึท ืึท ื“ืจื™ื˜ืขืจ ื’ืจื•ืคึผืข, ืžื™ื ื™ืžื™ื–ื™ืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืกื™ืžืคึผื˜ืึธืžืขืŸ.

ื“ืึธืก ืžืขืกื˜ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืฆื™ืคึฟืขืจืŸ ื“ื™ ืงืฐืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ื– ืึท ืงืึธืžืคึผืœื™ืฆื™ืจื˜ืข ื˜ืขืžืข ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ืš, ื ืึธืจ ืึธืคึฟื˜ ืžืึธืœ ื”ืฒื‘ื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืึธืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืŸ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืฒึทื˜ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข ืฉืืœื•ืช: โ€žืฐื™ืคึฟืœ ืฆืฒึทื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืืฒึทืขืจ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืฐืึธืœื˜ ืื™ืจ ืึทืฐืขืงื’ืขื’ืขื‘ืŸ, ื›ึผื“ื™ ื ื™ืฉื˜ืฆื• ื“ืึทืจืคึฟืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืึท ืคึฟืขืœืขืจ/ืงืจืขื ืง?โ€œ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ืฆื™ืคึฟืขืจืŸ ืงืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืคึผืจื•ึผืฐืŸ ืืฑืกืจืขื›ืขื ืขืŸ โ€žืงืฐืึทืœื™ื˜ืขื˜ึพื™ืึธืจืŸโ€œ ืฐืึธืก ื–ืฒึทื ืขืŸ ืฉืฒืš ืึท ื’ืขืฐื™ืกืขืจ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื˜ึพืคึผืจืึธื‘ืœืขื. ืžื™ื˜ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ืจืขื›ืขื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืงืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจื’ืœืฒึทื›ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉืฒื“ืขื ืข ืงืจืึทื ืงืฒื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืฒืขืจ ืฐื™ืจืงื•ื ื’ ืืฑืคึฟืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ, ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืžืข ืงืขืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื˜ืขื ื•ืช ืฆื• ืึทื–ืึท ืฆื•ื’ืึทื ื’.

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ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื–ืขืฆืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืฉื‘ืชึพืกืขื•ื“ื”

December 18, 2017, 12:08 pm
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ืขืก ืื™ื– ื•ื•ืื•ื™ืœ ื‘ืืงืื ื˜ ื“ื™ ื’ื•ื˜ืข ืขืกืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื™ื™ื“ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ืช-ื˜ื™ืฉ. ืกืชื ื™ื™ื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืขืกืŸ ืืœืขืก ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ื’ื•ื˜ืก, ื•ื•ืืก ืขืก ืœืื–ื˜ ื–ื™ืš. ื‘ื™ื™ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืื™ื– ืžืขืŸ ืื‘ืขืจ ืžืงืคื™ื“ ืฆื• ืขืกืŸ ื“ื™ ื–ืขืœื‘ืข ืžืื›ืœื™ื ื•ื•ืืก ื‘ื™ื™ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื ื“ืขืจืขืจ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ืฉื‘ืชึพืกืขื•ื“ื”. ืื•ื™ื‘ ื•ื•ื™ืœ ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ืขืคืขืก ืื ื“ืขืจืฉ, ืงืขืŸ ืืŸ ืขืงืกื˜ืจืขืžืขืจ ื—ืกื™ื“ ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื–. ื“ืขืจืคืืจ ื•ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ืคืืจืฆื™ื™ืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืงื•ืจืฆืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืงืœื™ืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ืึธืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืขืกืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉื‘ืช ื˜ื™ืฉ.

1. ืฉืžืขืงืŸ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื

ื“ืขืจ ืฉื‘ืชึพื˜ื™ืฉ ืคืจื™ื™ื˜ืื’ ืฆื• ื ืื›ื˜ ื”ื™ื™ื‘ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืฉืžืขืงืŸ ื‘ืฉืžื™ื. ื ืื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ื–ืžื™ืจื•ืช โ€žืฉืœื•ื ืขืœื™ื›ืโ€ ืื•ืŸ โ€žืืฉืช ื—ื™ืœโ€ ืคืืจ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ื ืขืžื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืืจื•ื™ืก ื ื‘ืฉืžื™ืึพื‘ื™ืงืกืœ, ื ืกืš ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ื ืข ื”ืขืจืœื™ื›ืข ื–ื™ืœื‘ืขืจื ืข ืฉืื›ื˜ืœืขืš, ืฆื• ื‘ืืฉื™ื™ื ืขื ื“ืขื ืฉื‘ืช ื˜ื™ืฉ. ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืจื™ื˜ืœืขืš ื”ื“ืกื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ืžืื›ืŸ ื“ืขืจื•ื™ืฃ ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ืดื‘ื•ืจื ืขืฆื™ ื‘ืฉืžื™ืืด, ืื•ืŸ ืขืก ืฉืžืขืงืŸ.

2. ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ

ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืงืœื™ืŸ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืืœืขืžืืœ ื’ืขื ื•ืฆื˜ ื“ื™ ื‘ืืงืื ื˜ืข โ€žืงื“ืโ€ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ. ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืื’ ืื™ื– ืื ื“ืขืจืฉ, ื’ื•ื˜ืข ื›ืฉืจืณืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืืœืขืจืœื™ื™ ืคื™ืจืžืขืก, ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ื™ื™ื ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ืฉืŸ ืขื•ืœื, ืกืคืขืฆื™ืขืœ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ื™ืืจืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืขื ืงืขืจ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆืขืฉืคืจื™ื™ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขื ื’ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜. ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœื™ืืžืกื‘ื•ืจื’ ืืœื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ื 4 ื›ืฉืจืณืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ืงืขืจ ื’ืขืฉืขืคื˜ืŸ, ืžืขืŸ ืงืขืŸ ื˜ืจืขืคืขืŸ ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืขืจืœื™ื™ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ, ื‘ื™ืœื™ื’ืข ืื•ืŸ ื˜ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืคื•ืŸ ืฉืขื ืกื˜ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืขืกื˜ืŸ, ื˜ืจื•ืงืขื ืข ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ื™ื›ื˜ืข, ื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืœืื–ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื ืกืš ื’ืขืœื“. ืฆื•ืžืืœ ืืคื™ืœื• ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ื“ืืœืขืจ ืคืืจ ื ื’ื•ื˜ ืคืœืขืฉืœ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ.

ืจื•ื‘ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืจื•ื™ื˜, ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืื™ื– ื ื’ืจืขืกืขืจืข ืžืฆื•ื” ืฆื• ื ืขืžืขืŸ โ€žืจื•ื™ื˜ืขโ€ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ, ืื•ื™ืกืขืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžืขืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ื›ื˜ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืข ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ. ื ืกืš ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืžืื›ืŸ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื”ื™ื™ืžื™ืฉืŸ โ€žืžืืกื˜โ€ โ€” ื–ืืคื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืงื•ื•ืขื˜ืฉื˜ืข ื˜ืจื•ื™ื‘ืŸ. ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฅ ืคืจื•ืžืข ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืžืื›ืŸ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื˜ืจื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ื–ืืคื˜. ืื•ื™ืš ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื–ื ืกืืจื˜ ื—ืกื™ื“ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžืื›ืŸ ืงื™ื“ื•ืฉ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– โ€žืžื‘ื•ืฉืœโ€, ื’ืขืงืื›ื˜ ื‘ืฉืขืชืŸ ืžืื›ืŸ ืขืก.

ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขื›ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ื ืขื ืฉืขื ืกื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ืืก ืžืขืŸ ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืขืจืœื•ื™ื‘ืŸ, ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืคืืคื™ืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคืœืขืกื˜ื™ืง ืคืื•ื ื’ืœืขื–ืขืœ. ื›ืžืขื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ื—ืกื™ื“ ื”ืื˜ ื ื–ื™ืœื‘ืขืจื ื ื‘ืขื›ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืจืื ืง ื•ื•ืืก ืขืจ ื ื•ืฆื˜ ืฉื‘ืช, ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืŸ ื‘ืขื›ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ื ื˜ืืฅ ืื“ืขืจ ื ื˜ืขืœืขืจ.

3. ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืฉื‘ืชึพื—ืœื•ืช = ืœื—ื ืžืฉื ื”

ื“ืืŸ ืงื•ืžื˜ ื“ื™ ืฉื‘ืชืณื“ื™ื’ืข ื—ืœื”, ื•ื•ื™ื‘ืืœื“ ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ื—ื™ื•ื‘ ืกื™ื™ ืคืืจ ืžืขื ืขืจ ืกื™ื™ ืคืืจ ืคืจื•ื™ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื“ืœืขืš ืฆื• ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืœื—ื ืžืฉื ื”, ื“ืืก ื”ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืžืื›ืŸ ื ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ื—ืœื•ืช, ืื•ืŸ ืฆืขืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืœื” ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ, ื“ืขืจืคืืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื ื’ืขื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ 2 ืฉื™ื™ื ืข ืฉื‘ืชืณื“ื™ื’ืข ื—ืœื•ืช ืคืืจืŸ ืจืืฉ ื”ืžืฉืคื—ื”, ืขืจ ื–ืืœ ืžืื›ืŸ ื ื”ื•ื™ื›ืข ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืžื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืืœืข ืžืงื™ื™ื ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืฆื•ื” ืคื•ืŸ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื—ืœื•ืช.

ื“ื™ 2 ืฉื‘ืชึพื—ืœื•ืช ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืขื“ืขืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื—ืœื”ึพื“ืขืงืขืœ, ืฆื•ืœื™ื‘ ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ื˜ืขืžื™ื. ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ื•ื•ืืก ื•ื•ื™ืœืŸ ืื– ื“ื™ ื—ืœื” ื“ืขืงืขืœ ื–ืืœ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืข ืงืืœื™ืจ ื“ื•ื•ืงื. ื ืกืš ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ื ืื›ืŸ ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืŸ ื“ื™ ื—ืœื” ืฆื•ื–ืืžืขืŸ ื ืขืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืจืขืงืœืขืš ื•ื•ืืก ืคืืœืŸ ืื•ื™ืคืŸ ื˜ื™ืฉ ืคื•ื ืขื ืฉื ื™ื™ื“ืŸ, ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืขืกืŸ.

4. ืคื™ืฉ ืœื›ื‘ื•ื“ ืฉื‘ืช

ื“ืืŸ ืงื•ืžื˜ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืฉ, ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ื ื–ืืš ื•ื•ืืก ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื“ืขืจืžืื ื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืžืจื: ืขืกืŸ ืคื™ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืช. ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืืก ืขืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข, ื’ืœื™ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื™ื ืื ื”ื™ื™ื‘ ืกืขื•ื“ื”. ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื ืจื‘ื™ื™ื ื•ื•ืืก ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืขืกืŸ ืคืืจ ืืœืขืก ื“ื™ ืื•ื™ื’ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืฉ.ย ืขืก ืื™ื– ื ืžื ื”ื’ ื‘ื™ื™ ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื• ืขืกืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืฉ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ื”ืขื ื˜, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื ื’ืืคืœ. ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืฉืžื™ื™ื›ืœืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื”ืขืจื˜ ืื–ื ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืกืื ื˜ืŸ ืงืืžื™ืฉืŸ ืžื ื”ื’. ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื•ืืก ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืขืกืŸ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ืœืืงืก ืคื™ืฉ, ื“ืืก ื”ืื˜ ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ื˜ื”ืจื”, ื•ื•ื™ื‘ืืœื“ ืœืืงืก ืคื™ืฉ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืžืขืจ ืคืœื™ืกืคืขื“ืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืื ื“ืขืจืข ืคื™ืฉ.

ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื›ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืจ ืื– ืฉื‘ืช ืขืกื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขืคื™ืœื˜ืข ืคื™ืฉ, ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ื“ืืš ื“ื™ ืžืขืจืกื˜ืข ื‘ืืงืื ื˜ืข ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืžืื›ืœ. ืื‘ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ื’ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกืŸ ื“ืขื ื˜ืขื ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืื ื’ืขื”ื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืขืกืŸ ื’ืขืคื™ืœื˜ืข ืคื™ืฉ, ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ืฆื•ืœื™ื‘ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืืก ื“ื™ ืคื™ืฉ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจ, ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื“ื™ ืื™ืกื•ืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืงืœื•ื™ื‘ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคื•ืŸ ืคื™ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื‘ืช.

5. ื—ืจื™ืฃ = ื˜ืืžืื˜ืข ื–ืืคื˜

ื โ€žื ื™ื™ืขืจ ืขืกืŸโ€ ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืœืขืฆื˜ืข ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืฆืขื ื“ืœื™ื’ ื™ืืจ ืฆื•ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื ืคืืจืฉืคื™ื™ื–: ื“ื™ ื˜ืืžืื˜ืŸึพืกืืœืื˜, ืื ื“ืขืจืข ื•ื•ืขืœืŸ ืขืก ืจื•ืคืŸ: ื—ืจื™ืฃ, ืื“ืขืจ โ€žืืจืื‘ื™ืฉืขืจ ืกืืœืื˜โ€, ื•ื•ื™ื‘ืืœื“ ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืืžื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืคืจื“ื™ืฉืข ื™ื™ื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืืก ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืขืก ื•ื•ืืจืฉื™ื™ื ื“ืœื™ืš ื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืืจืื‘ืขืจ. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื‘ื™ืกืœ ืฉืืจืฃ ืื•ืŸ ื’ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื ื’ืขืฉืžืืงืŸ ื˜ืขื ืฆื• ื“ื™ ืคื™ืฉ.

ืื‘ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ื˜ ื’ืขื”ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื ืขืงืกื˜ืจืขืžืข ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ื•ื•ืืก ื”ืืœื˜ืŸ ืื– ื•ื•ืขืจ ืขืก ืขืกื˜ ื˜ืืžืื˜ืŸึพืกืืœืื˜ ื‘ื™ื™ ื“ื™ ืฉื‘ืช ืกืขื•ื“ื” ื’ื™ื™ื˜ ืื•ื•ืขืง ืคื•ืŸ ื’ืœื™ื™ื›ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’, ื•ื•ื™ื‘ืืœื“ ืžืขืŸ ื”ืื˜ ืขืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจืข ื–ื™ื™ื“ืขืก.

6. ืžืื›ืŸ ื โ€žืœื—ื™ื™ืโ€

ื ืืš ื“ื™ ืคื™ืฉ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืขืŸ ื‘ืจืื ืคืŸ ืื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืฉื˜ ืืœืขืžืขืŸ ื ืœื—ื™ื™ื.

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ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืœื›ึผื‘ึฟื•ื“ ื ื™ื˜ืœ?

December 21, 2017, 7:50 am
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ื“ืขืจ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืึทื ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ืœ ืื™ื– ืกืฒึท ืึท ืจืขืœื™ื’ื™ืขื–ืขืจ ื—ื’ื ื‘ืฒึท ื“ื™ ืงืจื™ืกื˜ืŸ, ืกืฒึท ืกืชึผื ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ื’ืขื–ืขืœืฉืึทืคึฟื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคึฟืฒึทืขืจื•ื ื’, ื‘ืฒึท ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืขืจ ืขืก ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ื ื•ื™ืฃ ืงืจื•ื‘ึฟื™ื ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืจืฒึทื ื“ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึทืœืข ืขืงืŸ ืœืึทื ื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื˜ืœืขืš ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ื™ืึธืจ.

ืกืณืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ืข ืกื™ืžื‘ืึธืœืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื ื™ื˜ืœ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืข ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื™ ื™ืึธืœืงืข (ื ื™ื˜ืœึพื‘ื•ื™ื), โ€žืกืึทื ื˜ืึทึพืงืœืึทื•ืกโ€Ÿ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืฉืœื™ื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืฒึทื ืข ื’ืขื˜ืจืฒึทืข ืจืขื ื™ืคึฟืขืจืŸ (reindeer) ืื•ืŸ ืงืจืึทื ืฆื ื‘ืœืขื˜ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžืข ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ื”ืฒึทื–ืขืจ, ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื‘ืืžืช ื’ืึธืจื ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืึธืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ืึธืคึผืžืขืจืงืŸ ื“ืขื ื’ืขื‘ื•ืจื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื™ืขื–ื•ืก, ื ืึธืจ ืฉื˜ืึทืžืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืคึผืึทื’ืึทื ื™ืฉืข ื˜ืจืึทื“ื™ืฆื™ืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืคึฟืึธืœืงืœืึธืจ. ืกืณืื™ื– ื“ืขืจืคึฟืึทืจ ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืกืณืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ืข ืœื™ื“ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ื‘ืึทื˜ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืข ื•ื•ื™ โ€žื ื™ื˜ืœึพืœื™ื“ืขืจโ€Ÿ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื›ึผืžืขื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฆืŸ ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืฉืฒึทื›ื•ืช ืฆื•ื ื—ื’ื ื’ื•ืคึฟื, ื ืึธืจ ืคึผืจื™ื™ื“ื™ืงืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืœื•ืช ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืžืฉืคึผื—ื”ึพืคึฟืฒึทืขืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืจึพืกืขื–ืึธืŸ. ืึท ืกืš ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื“ืึธื–ื™ืงืข ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื™ื™ึดื“ืŸ.

ื“ืึธืก ืคึผืึธืคึผื•ืœืขืจืข ื›ึผืžื•ึพื ื™ื˜ืœ ืœื™ื“ โ€žื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืจึพื•ื•ื•ึผื ื“ืขืจืœืึทื ื“โ€Ÿ ื”ืึธื˜, ืœืžืฉืœ, ืึธื ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืคึฟืขืœื™ืงืก ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“, (ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืฒื: ื‘ืขืจื ื”ืึทืจื˜). White Christmas (ื•ื•ืฒึทืกืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ืœ), ื“ืึธืก ืฆื•ื ืžืขืจืกื˜ื ืก ืคึฟืึทืจืงื•ื™ืคึฟื˜ืข ืœื™ื“ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืึทื ืขืจ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข, ื”ืึธื˜ ืžื—ื‘ืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืจื•ื•ื™ื ื’ ื‘ืขืจืœื™ืŸ, (ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื: ื™ืฉื‚ืจืืœึพืื™ื–ื™ื“ืึธืจ ื‘ื™ื™ืœื™ืŸ). ืึท ื˜ื•ืฅ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ืข ื ื™ื˜ืœึพืœื™ื“ืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืึท โ€žื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืŸโ€Ÿ ื™ื™ึดื—ื•ืก.

ืฆื•ืœื™ื‘ ื“ืขื ืฉื˜ืขื ื“ื™ืงืŸ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืึทื ืขืจึพื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืŸ ื‘ืึทื’ืขืจ ืฆื• ืคึฟืึทืจื•ื•ืึทื ื“ืœืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ื•ื™ื™ึดืฉืข ื˜ืจืึทื“ื™ืฆื™ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืžื ื”ื™ื’ื™ื, ืื™ื– ืืคึฟืฉืจ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ ื ื™ื˜, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืข ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ืข ื ื™ื˜ืœึพืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื–ืขืฆื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ.

โ€žืจื•ื“ืึธืœืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืจื•ื™ื˜ึพื ืึธื–ื™ืงืขืจ ืจืขื ื™ืคึฟืขืจโ€Ÿ ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ ืึทืœืข ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืึทื ืขืจ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืœื™ื‘ ื“ืขื, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึธืœืคึฟืŸ โ€žืกืึทื ืงื˜ึพื ื™ืงืึธืœืึทืกโ€Ÿ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืจื•ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื ืึธื–, ื ืึธืš ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืึธืก โ€žืกืึทื ื˜ืึทโ€Ÿ ื”ืึธื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ืœืึธื ื“ื–ืฉืขื˜ ืฆื•ืœื™ื‘ ื“ืขืจ ื–ืึทื•ื•ืขืจื•ื›ืข. ื“ื™ ืงืœืขื–ืžืขืจึพืงืึทืคึผืขืœื™ืข โ€žืงื•ื’ืœึพืคึผืœืขืงืกโ€Ÿ ื”ืึธื˜ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ืจื˜ ืึท ืงืœืขื–ืžืขืจึพื ื•ืกื— ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ืœื™ื“ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ. ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ื“ืขืจ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ ื”ื™ื ืงื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืข ืขืจื˜ืขืจ, ืื™ื– ืขืก ื›ึผื“ืึทื™ ืฆื• ื–ืขืŸ, ื‘ืคึฟืจื˜ ื•ื•ืฒึทืœ ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืœื™ื“ ืึทืจืฒึทื ื’ืขืคึฟืœืึธื›ื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืึทืœื˜ืŸ ืึทื ื™ืžื™ืจื˜ืŸ ืคึฟื™ืœื.

ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืจื™ืŸ ื˜ืขืจืขื–ืข ื˜ื•ื‘ึฟื” ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืคึฟืึธืจ ืึท ืจื™ื™ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ื ื™ื˜ืœึพืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืื™ืจืข ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืจื“ื™ืงืข ืงืึธื ืฆืขืจื˜ืŸ. ืื™ืจ ื ื•ืกื— ืคึฟื•ืŸ โ€žืœืึธื– ืขืก ืฉื ื™ื™ืขืŸโ€Ÿ ืื™ื– ื›ึผื“ืึทื™ ืฆื• ื”ืขืจืŸ. ื“ืึธืก ืœื™ื“ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืื•ื™ืš, ื“ืจืšึพืึทื’ื‘ึฟ, ืึธื ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื™ื™ึดื“ืŸ: ื“ื–ืฉื•ืœ ืกื˜ืฒึทืŸ (ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื: ื™ื•ืœื™ึดื•ืก ืฉื˜ืฒึทืŸ) ืื•ืŸ ืกืึทืžื™ ืงืึทื”ืŸ (ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืฒึทื: ืฉืžื•ืืœ ื›ึผื”ืŸ).

ื“ื™ โ€žืคึฟืึธืœืงืกื‘ื™ื ืขโ€Ÿ ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืคึฟืึธืจ ื—ื ื•ื›ึผื”ึพืงืึธื ืฆืขืจื˜ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืขืก ื™ืึธืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืึทืจืฒึทืŸ ืึท ืคึผืึธืจ ื ื™ื˜ืœึพืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ. ืึธื˜ ืงืขื ื˜ ืื™ืจ ื”ืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื“ื–ืฉืึธืขืŸ ื‘ืึธืจืฅ ืื•ืŸ ืจื—ืœ ื™ื•ื›ื˜ ืฉื˜ืขืœืŸ ืคึฟืึธืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ โ€žื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืขโ€Ÿ ื ื™ื˜ืœึพืœื™ื“ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ื™ื™ื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืึธืŸ 26:45 ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืฒึทื˜ืขืจื“ื™ืงืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ื•ื ื’ (โ€žืœื™ื ืงโ€Ÿ). ื“ื™ ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ โ€žื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ืขืจึพื•ื•ื•ึผื ื“ืขืจืœืึทื ื“โ€Ÿ ืื•ืŸ โ€žืคึฟืขื˜ืขืจึพืฉื ืฒืขืจ ืงื•ืžื˜ ื‘ืึทืœื“ ืื™ืŸ ืฉื˜ืึธื˜โ€Ÿ (Santa Claus is Coming to Town).

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โ€žื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื›ึผืขืกโ€Ÿ ื’ืขืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืงืขืจ

December 21, 2017, 7:55 am
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ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื”ืฒึทื ื˜ ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ ื“ืขื ื‘ืจื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืขื•ืœื ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ืฒึทื ืข ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืงืกืขื ืข ืื•ืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืจืึธืžืึทืŸ โ€žื–ืขืœืžืขื ื™ืึทื ืขืจโ€Ÿ, ืื™ื– ืžืฉื” ืงื•ืœื‘ืึทืง ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ื˜ืึทืœืึทื ื˜ื™ืจื˜ืขืจ ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ. ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœื ืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทื˜ื•ืจ ืกืฒึท ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืึทืจื™ืžื˜ืขืจ โ€žืจืขืึทืœึพื’ื™ืžื ืึทื–ื™ืขโ€Ÿ, ืกืฒึท ืื™ืŸ ืึท ืคึฟืึธืœืงืกืฉื•ืœ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืœืขื ืขืจืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ. ืึทื—ื•ืฅ ื“ื™ ืงืœืึทืกื™ืฉืข ื•ื•ืขืจืง ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืฉืœื•ืึพืขืœื™ื›ื ืื•ืŸ ื™. ืœ. ืคึผืจืฅ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ ื“ื™ ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ืฒึทื ืข ืžื™ื˜ืฆืฒึทื˜ืœืขืจ ื“ื•ื“ ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืœืกืึธืŸ, ืื™ื–ื™ ื›ืึทืจื™ืง, ืœื™ื™ื‘ ืงื•ื•ื™ืงื˜ืึธ ืื•ืŸ ื ืึธืš.

ืงื•ืœื‘ืึทืง ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืžืขืฉื‚ื™ื•ืช, ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ืฒึทื ืข ืงืœืึทืกืŸ. ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื‘ืึทืจื™ืžื˜ืกื˜ ื•ื•ืขืจืง ืึทื–ืึท ืื™ื– ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืžืขืฉื‚ื”ืœืข โ€žื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื›ึผืขืกโ€Ÿ.

ืœืขืฆื˜ื ืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื“ืขื ืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืจ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืงืขืจ ืคึฟืึธืจืฆื•ืœื™ื™ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื‚ื” ืคึฟืึทืจืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ื™ืฉืŸ ืจืึทื“ื™ืึธ. ื“ื™ ื•ื•ื•ึผื ื“ืขืจืœืขื›ืข ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืื™ื– ืึท ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท ืกืขืจื™ืข ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจึพืžืขืฉื‚ื™ื•ืช ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืฆื™ืจื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื˜ืึธืžืึทืก ืœื™ื ื“ืขืจืงื•ื•ื™ืกื˜. ื“ื™ ืžืขืฉื‚ื” ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืงืœื™ื‘ืŸ ืึท ื“ืึทื ืง ื“ืขืจ ืจืขืงืึธืžืขื ื“ืึทืฆื™ืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืณืณืจ ืžืจื™ื ื™ื•ื“ืœ (ืขืžืึธืจื™ึพืื•ื ื™ื•ื•ืขืจื™ืกื˜ืขื˜), ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื‘ืึทื–ืึธืจื’ื˜ ืœื™ื ื“ืขืจืงื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ืจ ืื™ื™ื’ืขื ืขืจ ืขื ื’ืœื™ืฉืขืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื–ืขืฆื•ื ื’. ื“ื™ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ื ืขืžื˜ ืึทืจืฒึทืŸ ืžื•ื–ื™ืง ื’ืขืฉืคึผื™ืœื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ืคึฟืจืขื ืง ืœืึธื ื“ืึธืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืงืึทืคึผืขืœื™ืข โ€žืงื•ืœ ืื™ืฉื”โ€Ÿ.

ื‘ื™ื™ืงืขืจืก ื—ื ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืงืขืจ ืื•ื™ืคึฟื˜ืจื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจืžืึธื ื˜ ื“ืขื ืงืœืึทืกื™ืฉืŸ ืจืขืฆื™ื˜ืึทืฆื™ืขึพืกื˜ื™ืœ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ื‘ืึทืจื™ืžื˜ืข ื•ื•ืึธืจื˜ึพืงื™ื ืกื˜ืœืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื‘ื•ืœืึธืฃ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืขืจืฅ ื’ืจืึธืกื‘ืึทืจื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืคึฟืœืขื’ืŸ ืื•ื™ืคึฟื˜ืจืขื˜ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœื ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทืจื™ืฉืข ืคึฟืึธืจืœื™ื™ืขื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืึธื ื’ืขืจื•ืคึฟืŸ โ€žื•ื•ืึธืจื˜ึพืงืึธื ืฆืขืจื˜ืŸโ€Ÿ. ื’ืจืึธืกื‘ืึทืจื“, ื”ืึธื˜, ื“ืจืšึพืึทื’ื‘ึฟ, ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื›ื˜ ื“ื™ ืงืœืึทืกืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืงื•ืœื‘ืึทืงืŸ, ื›ึผื“ื™ ืฆื• ืจืขืฆื™ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงื•ืœื‘ืึทืงืก ืชึผืœืžื™ื“ื™ื.

ืึธื˜ ืงืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื”ืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืจืึธืกื‘ืึทืจื“ ืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜ ืคึฟืึธืจ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืงื•ืœื‘ืึทืงืŸ.

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ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขืจื™ โ€” ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธื ืฆืขืจื˜

December 28, 2017, 7:50 am
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ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขืจื™ (ืžืขืจื ืึท 1923ึพ1976 ืื•ืŸ ืงืœื™ื™ืจ 1920ึพ2014) ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืžืกืชึผืžื ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืึทืžืข ืคึผืึธืคึผื•ืœืขืจืกื˜ืข ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืึทื ืขืจ ื’ืขืฉื™ื›ื˜ืข. ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ื’ืขื”ื™ื™ืกืŸ ืžื™ื ื™ ืื•ืŸ ืงืœืึทืจืึท ื‘ื™ื™ื’ืœืžืึทืŸ, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคึผืึธืคึผื•ืœืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืึท ื“ืึทื ืง ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืจืึทื“ื™ืึธึพืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื โ€žื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืžืขืœืึธื“ื™ืขืก ืื™ืŸ ืณืกื•ื•ื™ื ื’ืณโ€Ÿ ืคึฟื•ืŸ 1937 ื‘ื™ื– ื“ื™ 1950ืขืจ ื™ืึธืจืŸ, ืื•ื™ืฃ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืขืจ ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืคึฟืึธืœืงืกืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื“ื–ืฉืขื–ึพืกื˜ื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืึธืคึผื•ืœืขืจืข ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืึทื ืขืจ ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ.

ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื‘ืขืจื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื”ืฒึทื ื˜ ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ ืึท ื“ืึทื ืง ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข 11 ืึทืœื‘ืึธืžืขืŸ, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื‘ืึทืจื™ืžื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืงืึธื ืฆืขืจื˜ืŸ โ€” ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื•ื™ืกื’ืขืฆื™ื™ื›ื ื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืคึฟืึทืจื•ื•ืฒึทืœืขืจื™ื ืก ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืขืœืขื’ืึทื ื˜ืŸ ืกื˜ื™ืœ ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ื–ื™ืงืข ืึธืจืงืขืกื˜ืขืจืก. ืึธื˜ ืงืขื ื˜ ืื™ืจ ื–ืขืŸ ืึท ื–ืขืœื˜ืขื ืขื ืคึฟื™ืœื ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึท ืงืึธื ืฆืขืจื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืคึผืึธืคึผื•ืœืขืจืข ืœื™ื“ โ€žื ื•, ื–ืึธื’ ืžื™ืจ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืŸโ€Ÿ, ืึธื ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึทืœื›ึผืกื ื“ืจ ืึธืœืฉืึทื ืขื˜ืกืงื™ ืื™ืŸ 1935 ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืึธืคึผืขืจืขื˜ืข โ€žื•ื•ืึธืก ืžื™ื™ื“ืœืขืš ื˜ื•ืขืŸโ€Ÿ ืžื™ื˜ ืžืึทืœื™ ืคึผื™ืงืึธืŸ.

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โ€žื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืงืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึธืจืขืžืึทืŸโ€Ÿ ื’ืขืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืžืจื™ืึพื—ื™ื” ืกื’ืœ

December 28, 2017, 7:55 am
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ืคึฟืึทืจืึทื›ื˜ืึธื’ืŸ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืžื™ืจ ืคึฟืึธืจื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื™ืงืขืจืก ืคึฟืึธืจืœื™ื™ืขื ื•ื ื’ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืžืฉื” ืงื•ืœื‘ืึทืงืก ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจึพื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ โ€žื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ื ื˜ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื›ึผืขืกโ€Ÿ. ืฆื•ื–ืึทืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืงื•ืœื‘ืึทืงืก ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืฉื•ื•ืขื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ืจืึทื“ื™ืึธึพืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืฆืขื ื˜ ื˜ืึธืžืึทืก ืœื™ื ื“ืขืจืงื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ืœืขืฆื˜ื ืก ื’ืขืฉืึทืคึฟืŸ ื ืึธืš ืึท ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ืจื•ื ื’ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ืึทืงื˜ืจื™ืกืข ืื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืจื™ืŸ ืžืจื™ืึพื—ื™ื” ืกื’ืœ, ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืขืจ ื–ื™ ืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜ ืคึฟืึธืจ ืงืึทื“ื™ืข ืžืึธืœืึธื“ืึธื•ื•ืกืงื™ืก ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ โ€žื“ืขืจ ื‘ืขืงืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืึธืจืขืžืึทืŸ.โ€Ÿ

ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ ืžืฉื” ืงื•ืœื‘ืึทืง ืื™ื– ืงืึทื“ื™ืข ืžืึธืœืึธื“ืึธื•ื•ืกืงื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืขืจื™ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ื™ืึธืจืŸ ืœืึทื ื’ ื’ืขืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืœืขืจืขืจื™ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื™ึดื ื’ืขืจืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ. ื›ืึธื˜ืฉ ื–ื™ ืื™ื– ื”ืฒึทื ื˜ ืฆื•ื ืžืขืจืกื˜ื ืก ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ืจืข ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืงืกืขื ืข, ืื™ื– ื–ื™ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืฉื‚ืจืืœ ื“ื•ื•ืงื ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืื™ืจืข ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจืœื™ื“ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคึผืึธืคึผื•ืœืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืขื‘ืจืขื™ึดืฉืขืจ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื–ืขืฆื•ื ื’. ืึทื—ื•ืฅ ืื™ืจืข ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืžืึธืœืึธื“ืึธื•ื•ืกืงื™ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ืžืฒึทืกื˜ืขืจื™ืฉืข ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืขืจื™ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืกืฒึท ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ืกืฒึท ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืงืกืขื ืข. ื–ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ืึธื ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืจืึธืžืึทื ืขืŸ (ืื•ื™ืš โ€” ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ืงื™ื ื“ืขืจ, ื’ืขื•ื•ื™ืกืข ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืงืกืขื ืข), ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช, ืคึฟืึธืจืฉืขืจื™ืฉืข ืขืกื™ื™ืขืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื”ืขื‘ืจืขื™ึดืฉืขืจ ืœื™ื˜ืขืจืึทื˜ื•ืจ, ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื”ื™ืกื˜ืึธืจื™ืฉืข ื“ืจืึทืžืขืก ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ืฆืึธืœ ื–ืฉื•ืจื ืึทืœื™ืกื˜ื™ืฉืข ืึทืจื˜ื™ืงืœืขืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ืคึผืกืขื•ื•ื“ืึธื ื™ืžืขืŸ.

ืžืข ืงืขืŸ ื”ืขืจืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืงืึทื“ื™ืข ืžืึธืœืึธื“ืึธื•ื•ืกืงื™ ืœื™ื™ืขื ื˜ ืึทืœื™ื™ืŸ ืคึฟืึธืจ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืื™ืจืข ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ืกื˜ืข ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ืงืขืจ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื•, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื“ืขืจ ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืขืจ ืึทื‘ึฟืจื”ื ื˜ืึทื‘ืึทื˜ืฉื ื™ืง ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ืจ ืื™ืŸ 1955. (ื“ื™ ืจืขืงืึธืจื“ื™ืจื•ื ื’ ื”ืึธื‘ ืื™ืš ื“ื™ื’ื™ื˜ืึทืœื™ื–ื™ืจื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื˜ื™ื™ืœ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืžืฒึทืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืกื˜ื™ืคึผืขื ื“ื™ืึทื˜ ื‘ืฒึทื โ€žื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืŸึพื‘ื™ื›ืขืจึพืฆืขื ื˜ืขืจ.โ€Ÿ)

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ื™ื™ึดื“ืŸ ืจื•ืคึฟืŸ ืจืณ ื ื—ืžื ืก ืฉื˜ืขื˜ืœ ื‘ืจืขืกืœืึธื•ื•, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืจืึธืกืœืขื•ื•

January 2, 2018, 12:30 pm
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ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœ ื–ื™ืš ืืคืจื•ืคืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื”ืขืจืฉืœ ื’ืœืขื–ืขืจืก ืืจื˜ื™ืงืœ: ืดืจืณ ื ื—ืžืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืจื•ืคึฟืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื”ื™ื™ื ื‘ืจืขืกืœืึธื•ื•ืด.

ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ ืืœืก ื ืฉืคืจืืš ืื™ื– ื‘ืืฉืืคืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืดืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื ืืฆื™ืื ืืœืด. ื™ืขื“ืข ืžื“ื™ื ื” ื”ืื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื“ืขืจื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ืื•ื™ืกื“ืจื•ืงืŸ. ืžืขืŸ ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืืคืžืื›ืŸ ื ื›ืœืœ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ืขื“ืŸ ื•ื•ืืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ืฉืคืจืืš. ื›ืื˜ืฉ ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ืœ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืฉื˜ืืจืง ื“ืืก ื˜ืืŸ ืื™ื– ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืœืื–. ืื™ืŸ ืื•ื ื’ืืจืŸ ื”ืื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขืจื•ืคืขืŸ ื“ืืก ืฉื˜ืขื˜ืœ ืดื‘ืจืืกืœื•ื‘ืด ืื•ืŸ ืื–ื•ื™ ืจื•ืคื˜ ืขืก ืืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืจ ืกืื˜ืžืืจ ืจื‘ื™ ื™ื•ืืœ ื˜ื™ื™ื˜ืœื‘ื•ื™ื ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืกืคืจ ืดื•ื™ื•ืืœ ืžืฉื”ืด (ื—ืดื‘ ืกื™ืณ ืงืดื ).

โ€จืื™ืš ืงืขืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืคื•ืกืง ื‘ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืŸ ื ืืžืขืŸ ืขืก ืื ืฆื•ืจื•ืคืขืŸ. ื•ื•ืืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื– ืื™ืš ื•ื•ืขืœ ื™ื ืืจื•ื™ืกื–ืื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืกืง, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ืš ื“ืขืŸ ื”ืขืจืŸ? ื“ืขืจ ืคืืงื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืื•ื ื–ืขืจ ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ืฉืคืจืืš, ืื™ื–: ื“ืขืจ ืฉืคืจืืš-ืจืขื“ืขืจ ืคืืจืขืžื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ื“ื™ ืฉืคืจืืš. ืขืก ืงืขื ืขืŸ ืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืคืจืืคืขืกืืจืŸ, ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉ-ืฉืคืจืืš ื’ืขืœืขืจื ื˜ืข, ื–ืืœืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืื•ื™ืคืฆื™ื™ื’ืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฉื›ืœ, ืคื•ืŸ ืงื‘ืœื”, ืคื•ืŸ ืžืกื•ืจื”, ืคื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืชื•ืจื”, ืื– ื“ืืก ื•ื•ืืจื˜ ืื™ื–ย ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ื˜ืขื ื˜ื™ืฉ, ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืžื•ืŸ ืขื ืจืขื“ื˜ ืขืก ืืจื•ื™ืก ืื–ื•ื™, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืขืก ืื–ื•ื™ ื‘ืœื™ื™ื‘ืŸ.

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โ€žื“ืจืฒึท ื™ืึธืจ ืึทืœื˜โ€Ÿ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืžืึธื˜ื™ ืื™ืœืึธื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉ

January 4, 2018, 7:38 am
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ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื™ืึธืจ ืฆื™ื™ื›ื ื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืžืึธื˜ื™ ืื™ืœืึธื•ื•ื™ื˜ืฉ ืื•ื™ืก ื•ื•ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื˜ืึทืœืึทื ื˜ื™ืจื˜ืกื˜ืข ืžื—ื‘ืจื™ื ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ื‘ืฒึทื ื™ื™ึดื ื’ืขืจืŸ ื“ื•ืจ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื. ืึทื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ื™ ืœื™ืคึผื ืฉืžืขืœืฆืขืจ, ื“ื•ื“ื™ ืงืึทืœื™ืฉ ืื•ืŸ ืจืณ ื™ื•ืึพื˜ื•ื‘ึฟ ืขื”ืจืœื™ืš, ื‘ืึทืจื™ืจืŸ ื–ืฒึทื ืข ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืจืขืœื™ื’ื™ืขื–ืข ืขื ื™ื ื™ื, ื ืึธืจ ืฉืคึผื™ื’ืœืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ืึธืคึผ ื“ื™ ืฉื•ื•ืขืจื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื˜ืจืขื‘ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ื˜ืึธื’ึพื˜ืขื’ืœืขื›ืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ.

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ื—ื•ื” ืึทืœื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ โ€žื–ืึธืœ ื–ืฒึทืŸโ€Ÿ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืคึผืึทืคึผื™ืขืจื ื™ืงืึธื•ื•

January 4, 2018, 7:45 am
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ืœื”ื™ืคึผื•ืš ืฆื• ืกืณืจื•ื‘ึฟ ื™ืฉื‚ืจืืœื“ื™ืงืข ื–ื™ื ื’ืขืจืก ื•ื•ืึธืก ืจืขื“ืŸ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ื‘ืึทืจื™ืžื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื”ืขื‘ืจืขื™ึดืฉ, ื‘ืœืฒึทื‘ื˜ ื—ื•ื” ืึทืœื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื’ืขื˜ืจืฒึท ืื™ืจืข ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉึพืฉืคึผืจืึทื›ื™ืงืข ื•ื•ืึธืจืฆืœืขืŸ.

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ื•ื•ื™ ืฆื• ื‘ืจืขื ื’ืขืŸ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืฆื• ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืคึฟื™ืœืžืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผื™ืขืกืขืก

January 8, 2018, 1:29 pm
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ืื™ืš ื”ืื‘ ื ืกืš ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืคื•ื ืขื ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ืฉืŸ ืขืจืฉื˜ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจ ืื™ืŸ ืืžืขืจื™ืงืข, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ืึทื”ืขืจ, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืžื™ื™ื“ืœืขืš ืื•ืŸ ืคืจื•ื™ืขืŸ ื’ืขื’ืื ื’ืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืžื•ืื•ื•ื™ืก. ืขืก ื”ืื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืืคื’ืขืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืื™ื ื’ืื ืฆืŸ.

ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ืื’ ืขืงื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ืจื˜ ื“ื ืืŸ ืื™ื™ื–ืขืจื ืข ื•ื•ืื ื˜ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืฉืคื™ืœืŸ. ื•ื•ื™ ืฉื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจืขืกืื ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืฆืขื ื“ืœื™ื’ืขืจ ื˜ื•ื™ื–ืขื ื˜ืขืจ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ืฉืข ืคืืžื™ืœื™ืขืก, ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื˜ืจืขืคืขืŸ ื“ืืจื˜ ื ืืจ ืคื™ื ืฃ ืื“ืขืจ ืฆืขืŸ ื‘ืื”ืืœื˜ืขื ืข, ืื“ืขืจ ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ื™ื•ื ื’ืข ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื–ืขื ืข ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ื.

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โ€žืจื‘ื ื•ึพืชึผืโ€Ÿ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื—ื•ื” ืึทืœื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื“ื–ืฉื™ื’ืึทืŸ

January 11, 2018, 9:50 am
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ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ื“ื–ืฉื™ื’ืึทืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึท ื˜ืึทืœืึทื ื˜ื™ืจื˜ืขืจ ืงืึธืžื™ืงืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ื™ื›ื˜ื™ืงืขืจ ืคึฟืึธืจืฉืขืจ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืŸ ื”ื•ืžืึธืจ, ื ืึธืจ ืื•ื™ืš, ืึท ืคึผื ื™ื, ืึท ืฉื˜ื™ืงืœ ืžื•ื–ื™ืงืขืจ.

ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืžืึธืœื™ืงืขืจ ื˜ืขืœืขื•ื•ื™ื–ืขึพืคึผืจืึธื’ืจืึทื ืื™ืŸ ื™ืฉื‚ืจืืœ, ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืฆื™ืงืข ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ืึทืžืึธืœ ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ ืื™ื ืขื ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืŸ ืœืึทื ื“, ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื—ื•ื” ืึทืœื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืคึฟืฆื•ื˜ืจืขื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ื–ืฒึทืŸ โ€žืžื•ื–ื™ืงืึทืœื™ืฉืŸ ื’ืึทืกื˜โ€Ÿ. ืึทืœื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืขื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืœื™ื“ืขืจ, ืึทืจืฒึทื ื’ืขืจืขื›ื ื˜ ืื™ืฆื™ืง ืžืึทื ื’ืขืจืก โ€žืจื‘ื ื•ึพืชึผืโ€Ÿ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ืฒึทื ืข โ€žืžื’ื™ืœื”ึพืœื™ื“ืขืจโ€Ÿ. ื‘ืขืช ืึทืœื‘ืขืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ื“ืึธืก ืœื™ื“ ื‘ืึทื’ืœื™ื™ื˜ ื–ื™ ื“ื–ืฉื™ื’ืึทืŸ ื“ื•ืจื›ืŸ ืคึฟืฒึทืคึฟืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืžืึทื›ืŸ ืึทื ื“ืขืจืข ืงืœืึทื ื’ืขืŸ. ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขื ื—ื ืขื•ื•ื“ื™ืงืŸ ืื•ื™ืคึฟื˜ืจื™ื˜ ืงืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื–ืขืŸ, ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ืงืึธืžื™ืงืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื˜ืึทืงืข ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜ ืึท ื—ื•ืฉ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืžื•ื–ื™ืง ืื•ืŸ ืจื™ื˜ืขื.

ื“ืขื ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืึธ ื”ืึธื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจืขืคึฟื ื˜ืœืขื›ื˜ ื˜ืฉืึทืจืœืก ื’ืึธืœื“ืฉืœืึทื’ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื™ื•ื˜ื•ื‘ ืงืึทื ืึทืœ.

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ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขื ืจืขื’ืŸึพื‘ื•ื™ื’ืŸ โ€” ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ

January 11, 2018, 9:55 am
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ื“ืึธืก ืœื™ื“ โ€žืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขื ืจืขื’ืŸึพื‘ื•ื™ื’ืŸโ€Ÿ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ืงืœืึทืกื™ืฉืŸ ืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืึทื ืขืจ ืคึฟื™ืœื โ€žื“ืขืจ ืžื›ืฉืฃ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึธื–โ€Ÿ ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ื ืก ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืกืึทืžืข ืคึผืึธืคึผื•ืœืขืจืกื˜ืข ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื 20ืกื˜ืŸ ื™ืึธืจื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื”ืฒึทื ื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืึธืจืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜. ื“ื™ ื‘ืึทืœืึทื“ืข, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืฉื˜ืขืœื˜ ืคึฟืึธืจ ืึทืŸ ืื•ื˜ืึธืคึผื™ืฉืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ โ€žืขืจื’ืขืฅ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขื ืจืขื’ืŸึพื‘ื•ื™ื’ืŸโ€Ÿ, ื•ื•ื•ึผ ืžืข ืœืึธื–ื˜ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืฆื• ืจื•, ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ื’ืจื•ืคึผืขืก ืึทื“ืึธืคึผื˜ื™ืจื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืกืฆื•ื“ืจื™ืงืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ื‘ืึทื’ืขืจ ื ืึธืš ืึท ื‘ืขืกืขืจ ืœืขื‘ืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 1930ืขืจ ื™ืึธืจืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ืœื™ื“ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ื•ื ื“ืขืจืก ืคึผืึธืคึผื•ืœืขืจ ื‘ืฒึท ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึดื“ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืึทืคึฟืจื™ืงืึทื ืขืจึพืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืึทื ืขืจ. ืกืณืื™ื– ื ื™ื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื—ื™ื“ื•ืฉ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื‘ื™ื™ื“ืข ืคึฟืขืœืงืขืจ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืื™ื ืขื ืœื™ื“ ืึทืŸ ืึธืคึผืฉืคึผื™ื’ืœื•ื ื’ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจืœืึทื ื’ ืฆื• ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ื•ื•ื•ึผ ืžืข ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ืžื™ื ื™ืจื˜ ื ื™ื˜ ืงืขื’ืŸ ื–ื™ื™. ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 1970ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ 1980ืขืจ ื™ืึธืจืŸ ืื™ื– ื“ืึธืก ืœื™ื“ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืึท ืžื™ืŸ ื”ื™ืžืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืš ื‘ืฒึท ื“ื™ ื”ืึธืžืึธืกืขืงืกื•ืึทืœื™ืกื˜ืŸ ืฆื•ืœื™ื‘ ืขื ืœืขื›ืข ืกื™ื‘ื•ืช.

ื“ื™ ืคึฟืึทืจื‘ื™ื ื“ื•ื ื’ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ืœื™ื“ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืึธืก ืฉื˜ืจืขื‘ืŸ ืฆื• ืคึฟืจืฒึทื”ื™ื™ื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืึท ื–ื™ื ืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืข ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ืกื˜ ื–ื™ืš ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ื™ื™ึดื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืึธื ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ื“ืขื ื‘ืึทืจื™ืžื˜ืŸ ื˜ืขืงืกื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืœื™ื“. ื™ื™ึดืคึผ ื”ืึทืจื‘ื•ืจื’ (ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ื™ื: ืื™ื–ื™ื“ืึธืจ ื”ื•ื™ื›ื‘ืขืจื’) ืื™ื– ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืจืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืื•ื™ืคึฟืŸ โ€žืื™ืกื˜ ืกืฒึทื“โ€Ÿ, ืึท ืงื™ื ื“ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืคึฟืจื•ืžืข ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืื™ืžื™ื’ืจืึทื ื˜ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืจื•ืกืœืึทื ื“. ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืžืฉืคึผื—ื” ืื™ื– ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืึธืจืขื ืื•ืŸ ืกืณืจื•ื‘ึฟ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ืฒึทื ืข ื‘ืจื™ื“ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฉื•ื•ืขืกื˜ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื™ื•ื ื’ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ื’ืขืฉื˜ืึธืจื‘ืŸ. ืึท ืกื˜ื•ื“ืขื ื˜ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ืื™ืจืœืขื ื“ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ืจืึทืžืึทื˜ื•ืจื’ ื“ื–ืฉืึธืจื“ื–ืฉ ื‘ืขืจื ืึทืจื“ ืฉืึทื•, ืื™ื– ื”ื•ื™ื›ื‘ืึทืจื’ ืฆื•ืœื™ื‘ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืฉืคึผืขื” ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืœืขืจืขืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืึท ืœืขื‘ื ืกึพืœืึทื ื’ืขืจ ืกืึธืฆื™ืึทืœื™ืกื˜. ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื’ืึทื ืฅ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขืฉืจื™ื‘ืŸ ืคึผืึธืœื™ื˜ื™ืฉืข ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืึทื–ืขืœื›ืข ืขื ื™ื ื™ื ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ืงืœืึทืกื ืงืึทืžืฃ, ื“ื™ ืžืœื•ื›ื™ืฉืข ื“ื™ืกืงืจื™ืžื™ื ืึทืฆื™ืข ืงืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืึทืคึฟืจื™ืงืึทื ืขืจึพืึทืžืขืจื™ืงืึทื ืขืจ, ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืขืจึพืคึฟืึทืจืื™ื™ื ืขืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื’ืœืฒึทื›ืข ืจืขื›ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ืคึฟืจื•ื™ืขืŸ. ืžืข ืงืขืŸ ืึทืคึฟื™ืœื• ื–ืึธื’ืŸ ืึทื– ื“ืขืจ ื’ื•ืจืœ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืื™ื™ืจืึธืคึผืขื™ึดืฉืข ื™ื™ึดื“ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ 1930ืขืจ ื™ืึธืจืŸ ื”ืึธื˜ ืืคึฟืฉืจ ืžืฉืคึผื™ืข ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขืžืึทื˜ื™ืง ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ืกื˜ืŸ ืœื™ื“.

ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ ืขืงื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ืจืŸ, ืฆื•ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ื ื™ืงืกื˜ืŸ, ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื–ืขืฆื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ืœื™ื“. ื“ืขืจ ื ื•ืกื— ืื•ื™ื‘ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืก ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ื™ื•ืกื™ ื“ืขืกืขืจ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื’ืขืฉืžืึทืงืŸ ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ืฉืŸ ื˜ืขื, ื”ืึธื˜ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขื–ืขืฆื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ ืึทืœ ื’ืจืึทื ื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืื™ื– ื‘ืึทืงืึทื ื˜ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืŸ ื ื•ืกื— ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื’ื™ืœื‘ืขืจื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืกื•ืœื™ื•ื•ืึทื ืก โ€žื“ื™ ื™ืึพื’ื–ืœื ื™ืโ€Ÿ (The Pirates of Penzance). ืึธื˜ ืงืขื ื˜ ืื™ืจ ื”ืขืจืŸ ืึท ืฉื™ื™ื ืขื ื ื•ืกื— ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืึทืœ ื’ืจืึทื ื“ืก ืื™ื‘ืขืจื–ืขืฆื•ื ื’, ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื“ื•ืจืš ืฉืขืœื™ ืฉื™ืœื“ืก, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜ ืื•ื™ืš ื’ืขืฉืคึผื™ืœื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื˜ืขืึทื˜ืจืึทืœืขืจ ืื•ื™ืคึฟืคึฟื™ืจื•ื ื’ ืคึฟื•ืŸ โ€žื“ื™ ื™ืึพื’ื–ืœื ื™ืโ€Ÿ.

ื ืึธืš ืึท ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืื™ื‘ืขืจื–ืขืฆื•ื ื’ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ืœื™ื“ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืžืึทื›ื˜ ื‘ื ื™ืžื™ืŸ ืฉืขื›ื˜ืขืจ. ืึธื˜ ื–ืขื˜ ื•ื•ื™ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื˜ืึธื›ื˜ืขืจ ื˜ืขืžืข ืฉืขื›ื˜ืขืจ ื–ื™ื ื’ื˜ ืื™ืจ ืคึฟืึธื˜ืขืจืก ื ื•ืกื— ืื™ืŸ 2013.

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ื“ื™ื“ืŸ ื ืฆื—: ืึท ื—ืกื™ื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ื™ื™ึดื“ ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืจืฒึท

January 15, 2018, 9:08 am
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ื“ืขื ืืจื˜ื™ืงืœ ืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ ืื™ืš ื‘ืœื•ื™ื– ืฆื• ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืืงืื ื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ืืก ืขืก ืžื™ื™ื ื˜ โ€žืืŸ ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ืชืคื™ืกื”โ€, ืื•ื™ื‘ ื”ืื˜ ืื™ืจ ืงื™ื™ื ืžืืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืื–ื•ื›ื˜ ื ืชืคื™ืกื”, ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื™ืจ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ.

ืืœืก ื ื™ื™ื“ ื•ื•ืืก ืกืณื˜ื•ื˜ ืžื™ืจ ื•ื•ื™ื™ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืฆืขืจ, ื’ื™ื™ ืื™ืš ืืžืืœ ื‘ืื–ื•ื›ืขืŸ ื™ื™ื“ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืชืคื™ืกื” ืื™ืŸ ื ื™ื• ื™ืืจืง, ืื™ืš ื•ื•ื™ืœ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ืœื™ื™ื“. ืชืคื™ืกื” ืื™ื– ื ืฉืจืขืงืœื™ืš ืคืœืืฅ, ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ื“ืขืจื ื™ื“ืขืจื˜ ืขืจื’ืขืจ ื•ื•ื™ ื ื—ื™ื”, ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ ื ืืจ ื ื ื•ืžืขืจ, ืขืจ ืคืืจืœื™ืจื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื–ืขืœื‘ืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืจื“ืข. ืคืืจื’ืขืกื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืœื™ื›ื˜ืงื™ื™ื˜.

ื‘ื™ื™ ืื™ื™ื ืข ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ื‘ืื–ื•ื›ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืชืคื™ืกื”, ื”ืื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื™ื™ื“ ื•ื•ืืก ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืชืคื™ืกื” ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื ื•ื’ ืฉื ืขืœ ืฆื•ื’ืขืื™ื™ืœื˜ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฆืขืœ, ืขืก ื”ืื˜ ืื™ื ื•ื•ื™ื™ ื’ืขื˜ื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืคื™ืก ืื™ื– ืขืจ ื’ืขื’ืื’ื ืขืŸ ืคืืžืขืœืขืš, ื“ืขืจ ืคืืœื™ืฆื™ื™ ื”ืื˜ ืื™ื ื’ืขื™ืื’ื˜, ื”ืื‘ ืื™ืš ื’ืขื–ืขืŸ ืคื•ื ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขื ืก ื•ื•ื™ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ื™ื™ื ืข ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืข ืœืื‘ืขืก ื’ื™ื˜ ืขืจ ื ื‘ืจื™ืงืข, ื ืฉื˜ื•ื™ืก, ืื•ื™ืคืŸ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืฉื˜ืŸ ื—ืœืง ืคื•ื ืขื ืชืคื™ืกื”ึพื–ื™ืฆืขืจ. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืขืก ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื”ืืœืคืŸ, ื’ื™ื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื ื ืื›ืืžืืœ ื ื–ืขืฅ, ื ื“ืจื™ื˜ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื ืคืขืจื˜ืŸ, ืื–ื•ื™ ืฉื˜ื•ืคื˜ ืขืจ ืื™ื ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืฆืขืœ, ื‘ืฉืขืช ื™ืขื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืืงืœื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืคืืจ ื™ืกื•ืจื™ื. ื”ืื‘ ืื™ืš ื’ืขืคืจืขื’ื˜ ื“ืขื ื”ื™ื˜ืขืจ, ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ื˜ื•ืกื˜ื• ื“ืืก? ื“ื• ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ื“ืืš ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื ืคื™ืก ื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืื’. ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขืงื•ืงื˜ ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืื•ื™ื’ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงื•ืจืฅ ื’ืขืขื ื˜ืคืขืจื˜: ื–ืืœืกื˜ ื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืจ ืขืก ื–ื™ืฆื˜ ื“ื ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื’ื•ื˜ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ!.

ืื™ืš ืคืจื•ื‘ื™ืจ ืื™ื™ื‘ื™ื’ ืฆื• ืคืืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก ื–ืืœ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื–ื™ืฆืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืชืคื™ืกื”, ืื™ืš ืงืขืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื“ืขืจื˜ืจืื›ื˜ืŸ ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก. ืืœืก ื ื’ืขื˜ืจื™ื™ืขืจ ืืžืขืจื™ืงืื ืขืจ ื‘ื™ืจื’ืขืจ ื ืขื ืื™ืš ืืŸ ืืœืข ื’ืขื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืœืื ื“, ืื•ื™ื‘ ื“ื™ ืจืขื’ื™ืจื•ื ื’, ืคืขื“ืขืจืืœืข ืฆื• ืœืืงืืœืข, ืžืื›ื˜ ืืค ืื– ืขืก ืงื•ืžื˜ ืชืคื™ืกื” ืคืืจ ื ื–ื™ื ื“, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืคืืจืณืžืฉืคื˜, ื™ื•ืฉืจืณื“ื™ื’, ื”ื•ื ื“ืขืจื˜ ืคืจืืฆืขื ื˜ ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ืขื ื’ืขื–ืขืฅ, ื•ื•ืขืœ ืื™ืš ื–ื™ืš ื‘ื™ื™ื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ืงืืค ื“ืขืจืฆื•.

ืื‘ืขืจ ืœื•ื™ื˜ ืžื™ื™ืŸ ืคืืจืฉื˜ืื ื“ ื˜ืจืขืฃ ืื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื‘ืืจืขื›ื˜ื•ื’ื•ื ื’ ื“ืขืจืฆื•. ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื”ืื˜ ืฆื• ื˜ื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื ืžืขืจื“ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืืก ืื™ื– ื ืขื‘ืขืš ืงืจืื ืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ื™ ืฉืจืขืงืœื™ื›ืข ืžื™ื“ื” ืคื•ืŸ ืจืฆื™ื—ื”, ืฆื™ ื ื’ื ื‘ ื•ื•ืืก ื”ืขืจื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืฆื• ื’ื ื‘ืณื ืขืŸ, ืฆื™ ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื ื ื™ืฉื˜ึพื ืืจืžืืœืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ โ€” ืขืจ ื˜ื•ื˜ ื“ื™ ืขื‘ื™ืจื” ื ืื›ืืžืืœ ืื•ืŸ ื ืื›ืืžืืœ, ืื–ื ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ืกื›ื ื” ืคืืจ ื“ืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉื”ื™ื™ื˜, ืขืก ืื™ื– ืคืืจืฉื˜ืขื ื“ืœื™ืš ืื– ืžืขืŸ ืžื•ื– ืื™ื ืื™ื™ื ืฉืคืืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื ืฆื•ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื•ื‘. ืกืณืงื•ืžื˜ ืื™ื ืื‘ืขืจย ื ืืš ืืœืฅ ืžื™ื ื™ืžืืœืข ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืœื™ื›ืข ื‘ืื“ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ,ย ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืืจื•ืžื’ืขื ื•ืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืจืฉืขื•ืชืณื“ื™ื’ืข ืคืืœื™ืฆื™ื™! ืžืขืŸ ื“ืืจืฃ ืžืขืกื˜ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืกืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื˜ืจื™ื ืงืŸ, ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื ืžืืก.

ืื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจ ืคึฟืืœ: ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขืžืื›ื˜ ื ืคืืจื“ืจื™ืกืœื™ื›ืŸ ื˜ืขื•ืช, ืฆื™ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขืงืขื ื˜ ื‘ืื”ืขืจืฉืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฆืจ ื”ืจืข ืื•ืŸ ื”ืื˜ ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ื ื–ื™ื ื“ ืื‘ืขืจ ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืชื•ืš ื ื ืืจืžืืœืขืจ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ, ื•ื•ืืก ื“ืจื™ืงื˜ ืื•ื™ืก ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื—ืจื˜ื” ื’ืขืคื™ืœ, ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ืจื˜ ื–ื™ืš ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืœื™ื›ืข ื’ืขื–ืขืฆืขืŸ, ืคืืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ ืื™ืš ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืคืืจ ื•ื•ืืก ืขืจ ื–ืืœ ื–ื™ืฆืŸ ืœืื ื’ืข ื™ืืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืชืคื™ืกื”.

ืœื•ื™ื˜ ื“ืขืจ ื”ืœื›ื” ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืš ืื–ื•ื™. ืื•ื™ื‘ ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ื‘ืื’ื™ื™ื˜ ื ื–ื™ื ื“, ื•ื•ื™ ื’ืจื•ื™ืก ืขืก ื–ืืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ื ื™ืฉื˜ื ืื–ื ื–ืืš ืžืข ื–ืืœ ืื™ื ืืจื™ื™ื ื–ืขืฆืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืชืคื™ืกื” ืืคื™ืœื• ืคืืจ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื ื•ื˜. ื ืืจ ืื•ื™ื‘ ืžืขืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืกื˜ ืื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ื ืกื›ื ื” ืคืืจ ื“ื™ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉื”ื™ื™ื˜, ืื“ืขืจ ืขืจ ืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ืคืืจ ื ืžืฉืคื˜, ืื•ืŸ ืžืขืŸ ื”ืื˜ ืžื•ืจื ืื– ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืื ื˜ืœื•ื™ืคืŸ ืคืืจืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜, ื“ืขืžืืœื˜ ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื ื™ื ื‘ืื•ื•ืื›ืŸ โ€žืื•ื™ืฃ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื™ืœโ€. ื ืื›ืŸ ืžืฉืคื˜ ืขืงืกื™ืกื˜ื™ืจื˜ ื‘ื›ืœืœ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื–ื ื–ืืš ื•ื•ื™ โ€žืชืคื™ืกื”โ€. ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืฉื•ืœื“ื™ื’ ื’ืขืœื˜, ืžื•ื– ืขืจ ื‘ืืฆืืœืŸ. ื”ืื˜ ืขืจ ื’ืขื˜ื•ืŸ ื ืฉื•ื™ื“ืขืจืœื™ื›ืข ื–ืืš, ืื“ืขืจ ืืคื™ืœื• ื ืงืœื™ื™ื ืข ื–ื™ื ื“, ื“ืืจืฃ ืžืขืŸ ืื™ื ื’ืขื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืคืืจื“ื™ื ื˜ืข ืฉื˜ืจืืฃ. ืื‘ืขืจ ืื™ื™ื ืฉืคืืจืŸ ื ืžืขื ื˜ืฉ 25 ื™ืืจ ืœืื ื’ ื•ื•ื™ื™ืœ ืขืจ ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขื’ื ื‘ืขื˜? ืคืืจื•ื•ืืก? ื•ื•ืืก ื•ื•ืขื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื”ืื‘ืŸ ื“ืขืจืคื•ืŸ? ืื™ื– ื“ืืก ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื ืงื™ื ื“ื™ืฉืข โ€žื ืงืžื” ืืงื˜โ€? ื•ื•ืขื˜ ื“ืืก ืคืืจืจื™ื›ื˜ืขืŸ ื“ืขื ืคืขืœืขืจ?

ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื–ืื’ื˜ ืืคื™ืœื• ืกืชื ืื–ื•ื™ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืžืขืŸ ืฉืคืืจื˜ ืื™ื ืื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ื”ื•ื™ื–, ืžื™ื˜ ืืœืข ื‘ืืงื•ื•ืขืžืœื™ื›ืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸ, ืื‘ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื ืชืคื™ืกื” ืฆื•ื–ืืžืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืžืขืจื“ืขืจ, ื•ื•ืืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ื ื’ืจื™ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ื”ืจื’ืณืขื ืขืŸ, ืื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ืณืžื–ื™ืงื™ืŸ ื™ืขื“ืข ืžื™ื ื•ื˜, ืืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืœื™ืš ื’ืขืคื™ืœ? ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ืžื™ื™ื ืข ืื•ื™ื’ืŸ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื‘ืืจืขื›ื˜ื™ื’ื˜.

ื•ื•ืขืจ ืฉืžื•ืขืกื˜ ื ืืš, ื•ื•ืืก ืคืืจ ื ืฉืจืขืงืœื™ื›ืข ื’ืขืฉืขื ื™ืฉ ืขืก ื•ื•ืขืจื˜ ืืคื’ืขื˜ื•ืŸ ืืคืขื ืขืจื”ื™ื™ื˜ ื“ื•ืจืš ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื˜ืขืจ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืชืคื™ืกื” ืงืขื’ืŸ ื“ื™ ืืจืขืกื˜ืื ื˜ืŸ, ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ืื•ืžื‘ืืฉืจื™ื™ื‘ืœืขืš. ื“ื™ ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ืื ื’ืขื ื•ืžืข ืžื™ื™ื ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืคื•ืŸ ืขื˜ืœื™ื›ืข ื˜ื•ื™ื–ืขื ื˜ ื™ืืจ ืฆื•ืจื™ืง, ื•ื•ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ื”ืื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ื’ืขื˜ืจืื›ื˜ ืคื•ืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืœื™ื›ืข ื’ืขืคื™ืœืŸ, ื ืืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ โ€žื ืงืžื”โ€ ืื•ืŸ ืคืืจื’ื™ืกืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื˜. ื•ื•ืืก ืžืขืจ ืžืขืŸ ื”ืื˜ ื’ืขืงืขื ื˜ ืคืืจื’ื™ืกืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื˜, ืืœืฅ ื ื’ืจืขืกืขืจ ื”ืขืœื“ ืื™ื– ืžืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ. ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื”ื™ื™ื ื˜ื™ื’ืข ืœื™ื‘ืขืจืืœืข ื•ื•ืขืœื˜, ื•ื•ื™ ืžืขืŸ ืคืืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ื˜ ื™ืขื“ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ื ื, ืžืขืŸ ื ืขืžื˜ ืืŸ ืืœืข ืกืืจื˜ ืชื™ืจื•ืฆื™ื ืคืืจ ืฉืœืขื›ื˜ืข ืื•ื™ืคืคื™ืจื•ื ื’ืขืŸ, ืžืขื’ ืžืขืŸ ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืื ื ืขืžืขืŸ ืืŸ ืื ื“ืขืจืŸ ืฆื•ื’ืื ื’ ืฆื• ืฉื˜ืจืืฃ.

ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ื’ืขื–ืื’ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ืคืืจ ืื™ื™ื ืขืย ื•ื•ืืก ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื•ื™ืคื’ืขืฆื™ื™ื’ื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืืจืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื•ืœื“, ื•ื•ื™ ื“ืขืจ ื”ื™ืžืœ ืื™ื– ืงืœืืจ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ื™. ืขืก ืื™ื– ืื‘ืขืจ ื โ€žืกื•ื“ ืคืืจ ื’ืื ืฅ ื‘ืจืื“โ€, ืื– ืขืก ืขืงื–ื™ืกื˜ื™ืจื˜ ืื•ืžืจืขื›ื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืคื™ื™ื ื˜ืฉืืคื˜ ืฆื•ื ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืŸ ืคืืœืง ืื™ื‘ืขืจืืœ, ื•ื•ื™ ืฉื˜ืืจืง ืžืขืŸ ืคืจื•ื‘ื™ืจื˜ ืขืก ืืจืืค ืงื•ื•ืขื˜ืฉืŸ, ื•ื•ืขืจืŸ ืื™ื“ืŸ ื‘ืืงืจื™ื•ื•ื“ืขื˜ ืฆื•ืœื™ื‘ ืจืขืœื™ื’ื™ืข ืื•ืŸ ื™ื™ื“ื™ืฉืงื™ื™ื˜, ืื“ืขืจ ืกืชื ืื–ื•ื™ ืฆื•ืœื™ื‘ ื“ืขื ื›ืœืœ ืคื•ืŸ โ€žืขืฉื• ืฉื•ื ื ืœื™ืขืงื‘โ€, ืžืขืŸ ืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ื™ื™ ืืจื•ื™ืฃ ื‘ื™ืœื‘ื•ืœื™ื, ืื•ืŸ ื“ืืก ืฉืœื™ื™ื“ืขืจื˜ ืืจื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื“ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ื˜ืขืจืข ืชืคื™ืกื•ืช. ื“ืืก ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื’ืื ืฆืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืืžืขืจื™ืงืข ืื•ื™ืš, ืื™ื– ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ื’ืขืงื•ืžืขืŸ ื“ื™ ืฆื™ื™ื˜, ืฆื• ืคืืจืžื™ืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื‘ืื ื™ื™ืขืŸ ื“ื™ ื’ืื ืฆืข ืชืคื™ืกื” ืกื™ืกื˜ืขื ืžื™ื˜ ื ื™ื™ืข ื’ืขื–ืขืฆืขืŸ, ื•ื•ืืก ื–ืืœืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืฆื•ืคืืกืŸ ืฆื• ื“ืขืจ ืžืื“ืขืจื ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜.

ื˜ืืงืข ื“ืขืจืคืืจ ื”ืื‘ ื–ื™ืš ืื–ื•ื™ ื’ืขืคืจื™ื™ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ ืจืณ ืฉืœื•ื ืžืจื“ื›ื™ ืจื•ื‘ืืฉืงื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ืืจื•ื™ืก ืคืจื™ื™!

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ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืึธ: ื™ืึธืกืœ ื‘ื™ืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ื ืก ื‘ืึทื’ืขื’ืขื ื™ืฉืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ โ€žืื’ื“โ€Ÿึพืื•ื™ื˜ืึธื‘ื•ืกืŸ

January 15, 2018, 2:41 pm
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ื™ืึธืกืœ ื‘ื™ืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ื‘ืžืฉืš ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืึทื–ืึท ื’ืขื ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื“ืขืจืฆื™ื™ืœืขืจ, ืกืฒึท ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ ืกืฒึท ืื•ื™ืฃ ื”ืขื‘ืจืขื™ึดืฉ, ืึทื– ืขืจ ืื™ื– ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจืข ื™ืึธืจืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืึท ื‘ืึทืœื™ื‘ื˜ืข ืคึฟื™ื’ื•ืจ ืื•ื™ืคึฟืŸ ื™ืฉื‚ืจืืœื“ื™ืงืŸ ืจืึทื“ื™ืึธ.

ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืึธ, ืคึฟื™ืœืžื™ืจื˜ ืื™ืŸ 1994, ืฉื™ืœื“ืขืจื˜ ื‘ื™ืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืŸ ื—ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ื”ื•ืžืึธืจ ื“ื™ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื™ื“ืขื ืข ื˜ื™ืคึผืŸ ื•ื•ืึธืก ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื˜ืจืึธืคึฟืŸ ื ืึธืš ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื‘ืึทื–ืขืฆืŸ ื–ื™ืš ืื™ืŸ ื™ืฉื‚ืจืืœ: ื“ื™ ืฉืžื•ืขืกืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืงืจื™ื’ืขืจืฒึทืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ โ€žืื’ื“โ€Ÿึพืื•ื™ื˜ืึธื‘ื•ืกืŸ; ืึท ืกืฆืขื ืข ืžื™ื˜ ืึท ืคึฟืึทืจืœื™ื‘ื˜ ืคึผืึธืจืœ ื‘ืฒึทื ื›ึผื•ืชืœึพื”ืžืขืจื‘ึฟื™; ื–ืฒึทื ืข ืึทื ื˜ื“ืขืงื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ื‘ืขืช ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืึทืจื‘ืขื˜ืŸ ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ืคึผืึทืกื˜ืขืš ืื™ืŸ โ€žืงื™ื‘ื•ืฅ ื’ื‘ืชโ€Ÿ ืื•ืŸ ื“ื™ ืจืขืึทืงืฆื™ืขืก ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืžืขื ื˜ืฉืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื–ืฒึทื ืข ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืœื™ื“ืขืจ.

ื‘ื™ืจืฉื˜ื™ื™ืŸ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืจืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื‘ื™ืึทืœืึทึพืคึผืึธื“ืึธืœืกืง, ืคึผื•ื™ืœืŸ ืื™ืŸ 1920. ืฆื• 17 ื™ืึธืจ ืื™ื– ืขืจ, ืžื™ื˜ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื—ื‘ึฟืจ, ื“ืขืจ ืžืึธืœืขืจ ื™ืึธืกืœ ื‘ืขืจื’ื ืขืจ, ืึทื•ื•ืขืง ืงื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทืœื™ืข. ื ืึธื›ืŸ ื“ื™ื ืขืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ืื•ื™ืกื˜ืจืึทืœื™ืฉืขืจ ืึทืจืžื™ื™ ื”ืึธื˜ ืขืจ ื—ืชื•ื ื” ื’ืขื”ืึทื˜ ืžื™ื˜ ืึทืŸ ืื™ืžื™ื’ืจืึทื ื˜ืงืข ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืคึฟืจืึทื ืงืคึฟื•ืจื˜, ืžืึทืจื’ืึทืจืขื˜ ื•ื•ืฒึทืกื‘ืขืจื’, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ 1950 ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืึทื–ืขืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขืจ ื ืฒึทืขืจ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ืžื“ื™ื ื”. ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื•ื™ื’ืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ ื˜ืขื›ื˜ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืึทืจื’ืึทืจืขื˜ ื’ืขื”ืึธืœืคึฟืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจื–ืขืฆืŸ ื–ืฒึทื ืข ื•ื•ืขืจืง ืื•ื™ืฃ ืขื ื’ืœื™ืฉ.

ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ืงืขืจ ื“ืึธืงื•ืžืขื ื˜ืึทืจึพืคึฟื™ืœื ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืฆืขืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืข ืึธื ื’ืขื–ืขืขื ืข ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ืขืœื˜ืขืจืŸ ื“ื•ืจ ืจืขื“ืŸ ืึธืคึฟืŸึพื”ืึทืจืฆื™ืง ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื–ืฒึทืขืจ ืœืขื‘ืŸ. ื“ื™ ืคึฟื™ืœืžืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืจืขื–ืฉื™ืกื™ืจื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืŸ ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืœืึทื ื’ื™ืึธืจื™ืงืŸ ืคึฟืึธืจื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืกึพืจืขื“ืึทืงื˜ืึธืจ ื‘ืึธืจื™ืก ืกืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืฆื™ืจื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ โ€žืคึฟืึธืจื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืกโ€Ÿึพืึทืกืึธืฆื™ืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื“ื™ึพื•ื•ื™ึพื“ื™ ืกืขืจื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ, โ€žืžืึธื ืึธืœืึธื’ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืขืจโ€Ÿ.

Throughout his life, Yosl Birstein was such a terrific storyteller, both in Yiddish and in Hebrew, that he eventually became a legendary figure on the Israeli radio.
In this video filmed in 1994, he portrays with authentic Yiddish charm and humor the various characters he met after settling in Israel: the conversations and arguments on the Egged buses; a scene of a couple in love standing next to the Kotel; his discoveries while working as a shepherd in Kibbutz Gvat and the reactions of people to his attempts to write Yiddish poetry.
Birshteyn was born in Biala-Podolsk, Poland in 1920. At 17, he emigrated with his friend, the artist Yossel Berner, to Australia. After a stint in the Australian Army, he married an immigrant from Frankfurt, Margaret Vaisberg and in 1950 they settled in the new Jewish state. They raised two daughters and Margaret helped translate his work into English.
This documentary is one of ten in which acclaimed Yiddish writers of the pre-war generation speak openly about their lives. The films (in Yiddish with English subtitles) were directed by award-winning writer and former Forverts editor Boris Sandler and produced through the Forward Association as a DVD series called โ€œMonologues of Yiddish Writersโ€.

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ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืึธ: ื“ืขืจ ืคึผืึธืขื˜ ืื•ืŸ ืจืขืคึฟื™ื•ืกื ื™ืง โ€” ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืงืขืจืœืขืจ

January 17, 2018, 11:48 am
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ืื™ืŸ ื“ืขื ืจื™ืจื ื“ื™ืงืŸ ื•ื•ื™ื“ืขืึธ ื“ืขืจื•ื•ื™ืกืŸ ืžื™ืจ ื–ื™ืš ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ื“ืจืึทืžืึทื˜ื™ืฉืŸ ืœืขื‘ืŸ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ื’ืจื•ื™ืกืŸ ืคึผืึธืขื˜ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขื–ืขื ืขื ืกืึธื•ื•ืขื˜ืŸึพืคึฟืึทืจื‘ืึทื ื“, ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืงืขืจืœืขืจ โ€” ื“ื•ืจืš ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื•ืขืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ืื™ื ืื•ืŸ ืžื™ื˜ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื–ื•ืŸ, ื“ืขืจ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ืคึผืึธืขื˜ โ€” ื‘ืึธืจื™ืก ืงืึทืจืœืึธืฃ. ืื™ืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืกืฆืขื ืข ื‘ืึทืฉืจืฒึทื‘ื˜ ืงืขืจืœืขืจ ื“ืขื ืžื•ืจืื“ื™ืงืŸ ืžืึธืžืขื ื˜ ื•ื•ืขืŸ โ€žืงืึทึพื’ืขึพื‘ืขโ€Ÿึพืึทื’ืขื ื˜ืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืื™ื™ืŸ ืžืึธืœ ื‘ืึทืคึฟืึทืœืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ื‘ืึทืœื™ื‘ื˜ืกื˜ืŸ ืœืขืจืขืจ.

ื™ื•ืกืฃ ืงืขืจืœืขืจ ืื™ื– ื’ืขื‘ื•ื™ืจืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื”ืฒึทืกื™ืŸ, ืื•ืงืจืึทื™ึดื ืข ืื™ืŸ 1918. ืฉืคึผืขื˜ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื“ื™ ืžืฉืคึผื—ื” ื–ื™ืš ืื™ื‘ืขืจื’ืขืงืœื™ื‘ืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึท ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจืึพืงืึธืœืขืงื˜ื™ื•ื•. ื–ืฒึทื ืข ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืœื™ื“ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืคึผื•ื‘ืœื™ืงื™ืจื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ืึทืŸ ืึทื“ืขืกืขืจ ืฆืฒึทื˜ื•ื ื’ ืื™ืŸ 1935. ื ืึธื›ืŸ ืึทื’ื™ื˜ื™ืจืŸ ืขื ืคึฟื˜ืœืขืš ืคึฟืึทืจ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ื“ื™ ื‘ื™ืจืึธื‘ื™ื“ื–ืฉืึทื ืขืจ ืฉื•ืœืŸ ืื™ื– ืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจืฉื™ืงื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืื™ืŸ ื’ื•ืœืึทื’ ืคึฟืึทืจ โ€žืึทื ื˜ื™ึพืกืึธื•ื•ืขื˜ื™ืฉืข ื˜ืขื˜ื™ืงื™ื™ื˜ืŸโ€Ÿ ื•ื•ื•ึผ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื ื™ืฉื˜ ืื•ื™ืคึฟื’ืขื”ืขืจื˜ ืฆื• ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืŸ ืื•ื™ืฃ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ.

ืงืขืจืœืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืคึฟืจื•ื™, ืึทื ื™ืึท, ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืขืŸ ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื“ื™ ืขืจืฉื˜ืข ืจืขืคึฟื™ื•ืกื ื™ืงืขืก, ืื•ืŸ ืื™ืŸ 1971 ื”ืึธื˜ ืžืขืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ืกื•ืฃึพื›ึผืœึพืกื•ืฃ ื’ืขืœืึธื–ื˜ ืขื•ืœื” ื–ืฒึทืŸ ืงื™ื™ืŸ ื™ืฉื‚ืจืืœ, ื•ื•ื•ึผ ื–ื™ื™ ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ืš ื‘ืึทื–ืขืฆื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื. ื“ืึธืจื˜ ื”ืึธื˜ ืงืขืจืœืขืจ ืคึฟืึทืจืœื™ื™ื’ื˜ ืึท ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ืžืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ืฒึทื’ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืŸ ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืขืจึพืคึฟืึทืจืื™ื™ืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืืฒึทื ื’ืขืคึฟื™ืจื˜, ืฆื•ื ืขืจืฉื˜ืŸ ืžืึธืœ, ืขืคึฟื ื˜ืœืขื›ืข ื”ื–ื›ึผืจื”ึพืฆืขืจืขืžืึธื ื™ืขืก ื ืึธืš ื“ื™ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืขืจ, ืึทืงื˜ื™ืึธืจืŸ ืื•ืŸ ืื™ื ื˜ืขืœื™ื’ืขื ื˜ืŸ ืื•ืžื’ืขื‘ืจืึทื›ื˜ ืื•ื ื˜ืขืจืŸ ืกื˜ืึทืœื™ืŸึพืจืขื–ืฉื™ื.

ื“ืขืจ ื“ืึธื–ื™ืงืขืจ ื“ืึธืงื•ืžืขื ื˜ืึทืจึพืคึฟื™ืœื ืื™ื– ืื™ื™ื ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืฆืขืŸ, ืื™ืŸ ื•ื•ืขืœื›ืข ืึธื ื’ืขื–ืขืขื ืข ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืขืจ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ืขืœื˜ืขืจืŸ ื“ื•ืจ ืจืขื“ืŸ ืึธืคึฟืŸึพื”ืึทืจืฆื™ืง ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื–ืฒึทืขืจ ืœืขื‘ืŸ. ื“ื™ ืคึฟื™ืœืžืขืŸ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ืจืขื–ืฉื™ืกื™ืจื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืคึฟื•ื ืขื ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืŸ ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืœืึทื ื’ื™ืึธืจื™ืงืŸ ืคึฟืึธืจื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืกึพืจืขื“ืึทืงื˜ืึธืจ ื‘ืึธืจื™ืก ืกืึทื ื“ืœืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ืคึผืจืึธื“ื•ืฆื™ืจื˜ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื“ืขืจ โ€žืคึฟืึธืจื•ื•ืขืจื˜ืกโ€Ÿึพืึทืกืึธืฆื™ืึทืฆื™ืข ื•ื•ื™ ืึท ื“ื™ึพื•ื•ื™ึพื“ื™ ืกืขืจื™ืข ืžื™ื˜ืŸ ื ืึธืžืขืŸ, โ€žืžืึธื ืึธืœืึธื’ืŸ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืฉืจืฒึทื‘ืขืจโ€Ÿ.

In this moving video, we learn about the dramatic life of the great Yiddish poet from the former Soviet Union, Yosef Kerler โ€“ both in his own words, and through the eyes of his son, the poet, Boris Karloff. In one scene, Kerler describes the terrifying moment when KGB agents attacked a favorite teacher of his.
Yosef Kerler was born in Haysyn, Ukraine in 1918. Later his family moved to a Jewish collective farm. His first Yiddish poetry was published in an Odessa newspaper in 1935. After openly protesting the governmentโ€™s ban on teaching Yiddish in the schools of the Jewish Autonomous Region, he was sentenced to 10 years in a gulag for โ€œanti-Soviet activityโ€, where he continued to write in Yiddish.
Kerler and his wife, Anya, were among the first โ€œrefuseniksโ€ and in 1979 the government finally allowed them to emigrate to Israel where they settled in Jerusalem. There Kerler organized a Jerusalem branch of the Yiddish Writers Association and helped institute, for the first time, public commemorations of the Yiddish writers, actors and intellectuals murdered by the Stalinist regime.
This documentary is one of ten in which acclaimed Yiddish writers of the pre-war generation speak openly about their lives. The films (in Yiddish with English subtitles) were directed by award-winning writer and former Forverts editor Boris Sandler and produced through the Forward Association as a DVD series called โ€œMonologues of Yiddish Writersโ€.

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โ†ง

ืึท ืงืจืขื˜ืฉืžืขึพืœื™ื“ ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืงืึธืœืึธืžื™ื™

January 18, 2018, 7:50 am
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ื“ืดืจ ื“ื•ื‘ึฟึพื‘ืขืจ ืงืขืจืœืขืจ ืื•ืŸ ื“ืณืณืจ ื“ื–ืฉืขืคึฟืจื™ ื•ื•ืฒึทื“ืœื™ื ื’ืขืจ ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื‘ืžืฉืš ืคึฟื•ืŸ ืœืึทื ื’ืข ื™ืึธืจืŸ ื’ืขืคึฟืึธืจืŸ ืื™ื‘ืขืจ ืžื™ื–ืจื—ึพืื™ื™ืจืึธืคึผืข, ื›ึผื“ื™ ืฆื• ืื™ื ื˜ืขืจื•ื•ื™ื•ื™ึดืจืŸ ืขืœื˜ืขืจืข ื™ื™ึดื“ืŸ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืขืจืฆื•ื™ื’ืŸ ื’ืขื•ื•ืึธืจืŸ ืคึฟืึทืจ ื“ืขืจ ืฆื•ื•ื™ื™ื˜ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขืœื˜ึพืžืœื—ืžื”, ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ื–ื›ืจื•ื ื•ืช ืื•ืŸ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ื“ืขื ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉ, ื•ื•ืึธืก ืžืข ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขืจืขื“ื˜ ืื™ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ืขืจืข ืฉื˜ืขื˜ืœืขืš.

ืื™ืŸ 2005 ื”ืึธื‘ืŸ ื–ื™ื™ ื’ืขื›ืึทืคึผื˜ ืึท ืฉืžื•ืขืก ืžื™ื˜ ืฉืžืขื•ืŸ ืงืจืึธื˜ืฉ ืื™ืŸ ืงืึธืœืึธืžื™ื™, ืื•ืŸ ืขืจ ื”ืึธื˜ ื’ืขื–ื•ื ื’ืขืŸ ืึท ืจื™ื™ ืœื™ื“ืขืจ, ืฆื•ื•ื™ืฉืŸ ื–ื™ื™ โ€” ื“ืึธืก ื“ืึธื–ื™ืงืข ืื•ืžื‘ืึทื•ื•ื•ึผืกื˜ืข ืคึฟืึธืœืงืกืœื™ื“ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืึท ื™ื™ึดื“, ื•ื•ืึธืก ื”ืึธื˜, ืึท ืคึผื ื™ื, ืฆื• ืคึฟื™ืœ ื’ืขื˜ืจื•ื ืงืขืŸ. ืขืก ื–ืขื ืขืŸ ื“ืึธ ืึท ืกืš ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืข ืคึฟืึธืœืงืกืœื™ื“ืขืจ ื•ื•ืขื’ืŸ ืฉื™ื›ึผืจื•ืช (โ€žื“ืขืจ ืจื‘ื™ ืืœื™ืžืœืšโ€Ÿ, โ€žื™ืึธืฉืงืขโ€Ÿ), ืึธื‘ืขืจ ื“ืขืจ ื™ื™ึดื“ื™ืฉืขืจ ื”ื•ืžืึธืจ ืื™ื ืขื ื“ืึธื–ื™ืงืŸ ืœื™ื“ ื’ื™ื˜ ืฆื• ืึทืŸ ืื•ืžื“ืขืจื•ื•ืึทืจื˜ืŸ ืงื ื™ื™ื˜ืฉ.

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